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Mitochondrial COI based genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on cotton in India

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Abstract

Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important pest of cotton in India. The study of taxonomic diversity and its distribution on cotton is lacking. Such studies are necessary to identify the genetic groups of B. tabaci and its distribution on cotton in India. The proper identification of genetic groups and their distribution, which, ultimately, can lead to the timely development and utilization of management practices. The current study was undertaken to explore the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of B. tabaci from all the three major cotton growing zones representing different agro-climatic conditions of India. 290 partial mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase I (mt COI) sequences of whitefly population of six major cotton-growing states covering 22 districts were used in the analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of two monophyletic clades, Asia I and Asia II1 genetic groups represents South-Central India and North India respectively. Asia II1 is found more predominately distributed in the cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) disease-prone north Indian cotton-growing states. Higher genetic divergence (16.8–19.2%) was observed between the populations of Asia I and Asia II1 genetic group. Genetic differentiation analysis confirmed the phylogeographic structure of B. tabaci as isolated by distance. Our results in mapping the distribution of genetic groups in cotton ecosystems paved the way for the further studies and formulation of area-wide management practices for cotton whitely in India.

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The authors declare that all the data used in the present study are original and generated from the study.

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Funding

Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Nagpur, and National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA), India.

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Author notes

  1. T. Prabhulinga, Sandhya Kranthi and K. P. Raghavendra contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Postbag No 2, Shankar Nagar PO, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440010, India

    Prabhulinga T, Sandhya Kranthi, Raghavendra K P, Ruchika Suke & Shilpa Chawla

  2. ICAR-Central Institute for Cotton Research (CICR), Regional Station, Sirsa, Haryana, India

    Rishi Kumar

  3. International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), 1629, K Street, NW, Suite 702, Washington, DC, 20006, USA

    Keshav Raj Kranthi

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  1. Prabhulinga T
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Correspondence to Prabhulinga T.

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MEGA 7, PopART, DnaSP v6.10.01 and Arlequin v3.5 software were used for the analysis.

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T, P., Kranthi, S., P, R.K. et al. Mitochondrial COI based genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on cotton in India. Int J Trop Insect Sci 41, 1543–1554 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00354-x

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