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Morphologic characterization of West African populations of Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)

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Abstract

Tribolium castaneum is known, to be the most cosmopolitan of pests. Its ubiquitous character has drawn attention to its morphological adaptability. The objective of this study was to characterize the morphology of T. castaneum populations in West African countries. Millet and rice are collected from each sampled West African country. After emergence during mass rearing, 30 male adults were randomly selected from each country and from each cereal and made up the individuals of that population on that cereal. On each adult, 19 variables were measured of which 16 were used (the other three are invariable). The significance of the rank differences of each variable between West African populations is determined by the Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests. PCAs were used to determine PCs and these were used to perform DAs. the West African Morphogroups were determined by the HAC. Following the logarithmic transformation of the data, the biplots showed a difference in form between these populations. Log-transformed revealed significant mean differences between pairs of populations on each cereal. The HAC revealed the existence of three morphogroups. Morphogroup_2, which groups more individuals on each of the developmental supports, is the subregional morphogroup of West Africa. The distribution of other morphologies was based on the West African countries sampled. The morphology of each population is characterized by the proportions of its individuals that specifically reproduce each of the three morphologies that exist in the West African subregion.

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Acknowledgements

We thank a lot Mister Ahmed Bachir Diédhiou, teacher at André Malraux’s secondary school in Strasbourg, who has been actively involved in statistical analysis and was graduated in scientific computing from the University of Strasbourg. I thank UEMOA (West African Monetary Union) for its financial assistance in carrying out this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, B.P. 5005, Dakar, Senegal

    Cheikh Abdou Khadre Mbacké Dia & Mbacké Sembene

  2. Laboratoire d’Entomologie et d’Acarologie, Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, B.P. 5005, Dakar, Senegal

    Cheikh Abdou Khadre Mbacké Dia & Mbacké Sembene

  3. Équipe de Génétique et de Gestion des Populations (GENGESPOP), Dakar, Senegal

    Cheikh Abdou Khadre Mbacké Dia & Mbacké Sembene

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  1. Cheikh Abdou Khadre Mbacké Dia
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  2. Mbacké Sembene
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Correspondence to Cheikh Abdou Khadre Mbacké Dia.

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Dia, C.A.K.M., Sembene, M. Morphologic characterization of West African populations of Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). Int J Trop Insect Sci 41, 1513–1522 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00349-8

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