Abstract
Zeugodacus isolatus (Hardy) is a member of the Z. tau complex, a group of significant pest fruit flies. Therefore, fully understanding the taxonomy and biodiversity of this species-complex is of paramount importance for its effective subsequent management. In this study, morphological characters and molecular genetic data based on sequences of three genes were used to examine variations in Z. isolatus (Hardy) in Thailand. Median joining haplotype networks revealed two genetically divergent lineages (A and B) among members of Z. isolatus in Thailand. Morphological examinations revealed that these genetic lineages are clearly different in many characteristics including body size, postgena colors and scutum color patterns. Although they coexist and use the same host plant species, the distinct genetic lineages and differing morphological characters suggest that they are possibly reproductively isolated and different biological species.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allwood AJ, Chinajariyawong A, Krissaneepaiboon S, Drew RAI, Hamacek EL, Hancock DL, Hengsawad JC, Jirasurat M, Krong CK, Leong CTS, Vijaysegaran S (1999) Host plant records for fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in South East Asia. Raffles Bull Zool 47:1–92
Aluja M, Norrbom A (2000) Fruit flies (Tephritidae) phylogeny and evolution of behavior. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Bandelt HJ, Forster P, Rohl A (1999) Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies. Mol Biol Evol 16:37–48
Barr NB, Islam MS, de Meyer M, McPheron BA (2012) Molecular identification of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) using DNA sequences of the COI barcode region. Ann Entomol Soc Am 105:339–350
Boykin LM, Schutze MK, Krosch MN, Chomič A, Chapman TA, Englezou A, Armstrong KF, Clarke AR, Hailstones D, Cameron SL (2014) Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of south-east Asian pest members of the Bactrocera dorsalis species complex (Diptera: Tephritidae) does not support current taxonomy. J Appl Entomol Zool 138:235–253
Drew RAI, Romig MC (1997) Overview: Tephritidae in the Pacific and Southeast Asia, pp. 46–53. In Allwood AJ, Drew RAI (ed) Management of Fruit Flies in the Pacific: a regional symposium, Nadi, Fiji 28–31 October 1996, Canberra, Australia
Drew RAI, Romig MC (2013) Tropical fruit flies (Tephritidae Dacinae) of South- East Asia: Indomalaya to north-West Australasia. CABI, Wallingford
Drew RAI, Romig MC (2016) Keys to the tropical fruit flies of South-East Asia. CAB International, Boston
Folmer O, Black M, Hoeh W, Lutz R, Vrijenhoek R (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol 3:294–299
Hall TA (1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 41:95–98
Hardy DE (1973) The fruit flies (Tephritidae: Diptera) of Thailand and bordering countries. Pac Insects Monogr 31:1–353
Jamnongluk W, Baimai V, Kittayapong P (2003) Molecular phylogeny of tephritidae fruit flies in the Bactrocera tau complex using the mitochondrial COI sequences. Genome 46:112–118
Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K (2018) MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 35:1547–1549
Kunprom C, Pramual P (2016) DNA barcode variability and host plant usage of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Thailand. Genome 59:792–804
Kunprom C, Pramual P (2019) DNA barcoding of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Thailand: ambiguity, misidentification and cryptic diversity. Mitochondrial DNA A 30:861–873
Nardi F, Carapelli A, Dallai R, Roderick GK, Frati F (2005) Population structure and colonization history of the olive fly, Bactrocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae). Mol Ecol 14:2729–2738
Plant Health Australia (2011) The Australian handbook for the identification of fruit flies. Version 1.0. Plant Health Australia, Canberra, ACT
Pramual P, Adler PH (2014) DNA barcoding of tropical black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Thailand. Mol Ecol Resour 14:262–271
Schutze MK, Virgilio M, Norrbom A, Clarke AR (2017) Tephritid integrative taxonomy: where we are now, with a focus on the resolution of three tropical fruit fly species complexes. Annu Rev Entomol 62:147–164
Shi W, Kerdelhué C, Ye H (2014) Genetic structure and colonization history of the fruit Fly Bactrocera tau (Diptera: Tephritidae) in China and Southeast Asia. Mol Entomol 107:1256–1265
Uchôa MA (2012) Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritoidea): biology, host plants, natural enemies, and the implications to their natural control. In Larramendy ML, Soloneski S (ed) Integrated pest management and pest control-current and future tactics, Rijeka, Croatia. pp. 271–300
White IM, Elson-Harris MM (1992) Fruit flies of economic significance: their identification and bionomics. CAB International, Wallingford
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by Mahasarakham University (Postdoctoral Fellowship 2019). We would like to thank Dr. Adrian Plant for comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kunprom, C., Pramual, P. Cryptic diversity in fruit fly, Zeugodacus isolatus (Hardy) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Int J Trop Insect Sci 40, 983–988 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00156-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00156-1