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Reinforcing effect of oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on swelling and mechanical properties of gum ghatti-cl-poly(NIPAm-co-AA) hydrogels

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Abstract

The objective of the present study was to synthesize Gg-cl-poly(NIPAm-co-AA)/-o-MWCNT (GNACNT) hydrogel via free radical copolymerization using the following ingredients: gum ghatti as biopolymer (GG), acrylic acid (AA) as a probe for synthetic monomer, ammonium persulphate as initiator, and methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA) as cross-linker. This hydrogel shows superior mechanical performance by incorporating filler such as oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (-o-MWCNT) in varying quantities (0–50 mg) to produce polymer/inorganic composite hydrogels which has one of the most promising ways for improving the mechanical characteristics of hydrogels. In the linear viscoelastic region, the storage modulus (G′) was much higher than the loss modulus (G″) for all hydrogels across the entire frequency range. The persistent covalence crosslinking is responsible for the solid-like behaviour and elastic nature (G′ > G″). When additional -o-MWCNT was added, G′ was found to be increased. The -o-MWCNT’s interaction became stronger when the MWNT dispersion quality improved or their network connections, aspect ratio, or concentration rose, as shown by a greater storage modulus G, complex viscosity |η*|, and constant shear viscosity. Suspensions containing a combination of separated -o-MWCNT aggregates and small -o-MWCNT aggregates displayed G′ that was independent of frequency, indicating solid-like behaviour. As a result, these hydrogels may have potential uses in biological disciplines that are not limited by water capacity or mechanical qualities.

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The authors declare that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information files.

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Acknowledgements

One of the authors BK is thankful for the Shodh fellowship provided by the Government of Gujarat and to the Department of Chemistry for the laboratory facility and Instrumental facilities for various analyses at Sardar Patel University, V. V. Nagar and CISST Department for characterization of the samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyangar, Gujarat, 388 120, India

    Pragnesh N. Dave & Bhagvan Kamaliya

  2. B. N. Patel Institute of Paramedical & Science (Science Division), Sardar Patel Education Trust, Bhalej Road, Anand, 388001, Gujarat, India

    Pradip M. Macwan

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Contributions

Pragnesh N Dave: conceptualization; project administration; resources; software; supervision; validation; visualization; writing—review and editing.

Pradip M. Macwan: visualization; roles/writing—original draft.

Bhagvan Kamaliya: data curation; formal analysis; investigation; project.

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Correspondence to Pragnesh N. Dave.

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Dave, P.N., Macwan, P.M. & Kamaliya, B. Reinforcing effect of oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on swelling and mechanical properties of gum ghatti-cl-poly(NIPAm-co-AA) hydrogels. Mech Soft Mater 6, 2 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42558-024-00057-0

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