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Agronomic and physiological response of various Japanese plums (Prunus salicina L.) to severe water stress

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Abstract

There are no established studies investigating the impact of drought stress tolerance on plum’s performance (Prunus salicina L.) in Morocco. This study aimed to assess the effect of sustained deficit irrigation (SDI) on the yield and physiological traits of plums during the fruit development period in the Sais plain, northern Morocco. Eleven plum cultivars were planted in an ex-situ collection at the experimental station of the National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA) of Morocco, were assessed for two consecutive years for their tolerance to water stress of 50% of crop evapotranspiration ETc (SDI), compared to control trees irrigated at 100% ETc (FI). The measurements included fruit yield, fruit weight, number of leaves per 10 cm shoot, leaf area, stomatal density, stomatal area, stomatal area index, chlorophyll pigment content (Cha and Chb), stomatal conductance and leaf content in cuticular wax and proline. Results showed significant differences among the cultivars in response to water stress for all measured traits. These effects led to significant reductions in production level, vegetative growth, and physiological traits during the two consecutive years. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct main groups within the cultivars studied for drought tolerance.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analysed in the course of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Abbreviations

SDI:

Sustained Deficit Irrigation

FI:

Full irrigation

Cha :

Chlorophyll a

Chb :

Chlorophyll b

PCA:

Principal Component Analysis

INRA:

National Institute for Agronomic Research

ETc:

Evapotranspiration coefficient

Kc:

Crop coefficient

Kr:

Reduction coefficient

Esys:

Efficiency of the irrigation system

SD:

Stomatal density

SL:

Stomatal length

SW:

Stomatal width

SA:

Stomatal area

SAI:

Stomatal Surface Area Index

UPGMA:

Unweighted Pair Group Method using Arithmetic Averages

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank C.D. Khalfi, M. Alghoum and E. Bouichou for assistance with field and laboratory work and M. Lahlou for his help in experimental orchard management and treatment applications.

Funding

This work was financed by the Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries, Rural Development, Water and Forests of Morocco (MCRDV program).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Agricultural Research Institute, BP 578, Meknes, Morocco

    Anas Hamdani, Lahcen Hssaini, Jamal Charafi, Atman Adiba & Rachid Razouk

  2. Laboratory of Agro-Industrial and Medical Biotechnologies, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, BP 523, Beni Mellal, Morocco

    Anas Hamdani & Said Bouda

  3. The Environment and Soil Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, B.P.11201, 50000, Meknes, Morocco

    Abdellatif Boutagayout

Authors
  1. Anas Hamdani
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  2. Lahcen Hssaini
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  3. Said Bouda
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  4. Jamal Charafi
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  5. Atman Adiba
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Contributions

Conception and design of the study: RR. The preparation of the material, data collection and analysis were carried out by RR, AH and AA. The first version of the manuscript was drafted by AH and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. The approval of the version of the manuscript for publication was done by AH, JC, SB, LH, AA, RR and AB.

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Correspondence to Rachid Razouk.

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Hamdani, A., Hssaini, L., Bouda, S. et al. Agronomic and physiological response of various Japanese plums (Prunus salicina L.) to severe water stress. Vegetos 36, 1483–1495 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-022-00544-7

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