Skip to main content
Log in

PMC Theorems on PCR–Ridge Class Estimators

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Statistical Theory and Practice Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

After presenting the basic linear model and some definitions, the PMC superiority for a class of biased estimators is discussed. One objective of this paper is to develop such a methodology for the case when the squared statistical distance between the estimator and the parameter is used as the loss function, and that the estimators to be compared are linear combinations of common statistics having a multivariate normal distribution. To demonstrate the usefulness of the methodology, it is applied for the comparison of \(r-k\) class estimators with unbiased least squares estimator of regression coefficients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Pitman EG (1937) The closest estimates of statistical parameters. Proc Camb Philos Soc 33:212–222

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Rao CR (1980) “Discussion of a paper by Joseph Berkson”, Annals of Statistics, Some comments on the minimum chi-square not maximum likelihood. Ann Stat 8:482–485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Rao CR (1981) Some comments on the minimum mean square error as a criterion in estimation. In: Csorgo M, Dawson DA, Rao JNK, Saleh AKMdE (eds) Statistics and related topics. North Holland, Amsterdam, pp 123–143

    Google Scholar 

  4. Keating JP, Mason RL (1985) Pitman’s measure of closeness. Sankhyā Ser B 47:22–32

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Dyer D, Keating JP (1979) A further look at the comparison of normal percentile estimators. Commun Stat Theory Methods A(8):1–16

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Dyer D, Keating J, Hensley O (1979) On the relative behavior of estimators of reliability/survivability. Commun Stat Theory Methods A8:399–416

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Peddada S (1985) A short note on Pitman’s measure of nearness. Am Stat 39:298–299

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Rao C, Keating J, Mason R (1986) The Pitman nearness criterion and its determination. Commun Stat Theory Methods 15(11):3173–3191

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Mason RL, Keating JP, Sen PK, Blaylock NWJ (1990) Comparison of linear estimators using Pitman’s measure of closeness. J Am Stat Assoc 85(410):579–581

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Hoerl A, Kennard R (1970) Ridge regression: biased estimation for nonorthogonal problems. Technometrics 12:55–67

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Draper NR, Smith H (1981) Applied regression analysis. Wiley, London

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Gunst RF, Mason RL (1977) Biased estimation in regression: an evaluation using mean squared error. J Am Stat Assoc 72(359):616–628

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Baye MR, Parker DF (1984) Combining ridge and principal component regression: a money demand illustration. Commun Stat Theory Methods 13(2):197–205

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Özkale MR, Kaçıranlar S (2008) Comparisons of the r-k class estimator to the ordinary least squares estimator under the Pitman’s closeness criterion. Stat Pap 49(3):503–512

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  15. Li W, Yang H, Wu J (2010) Some comments on: Özkale, M.R. and Kaçıranlar,S. (2008): “Comparisons of the r–k class estimator to the ordinary least squares estimator under the Pitman’s closeness criterion, Statistical Papers, 49:503–512. Stat Pap 53(2):497–503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Rao CR, Srivastava VK, Toutenberg H (1998) Pitman nearness comparisons of Stein-type estimators for regression coefficients in replicated experiments. Stat Pap 39:61–74

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Sen PK (1989) The mean-median-mode inequality and noncentral chi square distributions. Sankhyā Indian J Stat 51(1):106–114

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Robert C (1990) On some accurate bounds for the quantiles of a non-central chi squared distribution. Stat Probab Lett 10(2):101–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhou H, Nayak TK (2012) Pitman closest equivariant estimators and predictors under location-scale models. J Stat Plan Inference 142(6):1367–1377

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Keating JP, Czitrom V (1989) A comparison of James–Stein regression with least squares in the Pitman nearness sense. J Stat Comput Simul 34(1):1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Graybill FA (1976) Theory and application of the linear model, North Scituate. Duxbury Press, Duxbury

    Google Scholar 

  22. Webster JT, Gunst RF, Mason RL (1974) Latent root regression analysis. Technometrics 16(4):513–522

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yuanhan Li.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the topical collection “Celebrating the Centenary of Professor C. R. Rao” guest edited by , Ravi Khattree, Sreenivasa Rao Jammalamadaka, and M. B. Rao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, Y., Keating, J.P. & Balakrishnan, N. PMC Theorems on PCR–Ridge Class Estimators. J Stat Theory Pract 15, 17 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42519-020-00150-3

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42519-020-00150-3

Keywords

Navigation