Abstract
Orange rust is one of the important diseases of sugarcane in tropics causing huge losses in susceptible genotypes which could be managed by deploying resistant genotypes. The present study evaluated the field resistance of seventeen commercial sugarcane genotypes in Andhra Pradesh to orange rust and correlated the stomatal parameters and trichome density to orange rust incidence and severity. Seventeen sugarcane genotypes were planted in an augmented design during May, 2019 and rust infection was allowed to occur naturally. Stomatal characters and trichome density were recorded by tissue imprinting method. Results revealed that disease incidence and severity was high in the sugarcane genotypes, 2006 A 64, 2006 A 102 and 2009 A 107. Stomatal density/mm2, polar diameter, equatorial diameter and trichome density/mm2 ranged between 142.50 and 234.50 stomata/mm2, 33.36–46.70 μm, 12.09–22.10 μm and 56.50-148.50 trichomes/ mm2, respectively. The analysis of data for rust incidence showed significant correlation with trichome density on lower surface of sugarcane leaves.
Data Availability
Data and material pertaining to the above research is available with the corresponding author.
Code Availability
Not applicable.
References
Acevedo R, Luque AC, Alfonso I, Debes M, Rodriguez E, Lao M (2011) Leaf morphological characters in sugarcane genotypes with different resistant grades to brown rust.Acta Microsc20 Supplement B
Alves TC, Cunha JP, Tavares R, Sousa Alves G, Silva S (2019) Fungicide application technology for controlling the sugarcane orange rust. Pesqui Agropecu Trop. 49: doi.10.1590/1983-40632019v4953386
Calo L, Garcia I, Gotor C, Romero LC (2006) Leaf hairs influence phytopathogenic fungus infection and confer an increased resistance when expressing a Trichoderma α-1,3-glucanase. J Exp Bot 57(14):3911–3920
Chapola RG, Hoffman HP, Nelson S, Massola J (2016) Reaction of sugarcane genotypes to orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii) and methods for rapid identification of resistant genotypes. Trop Plant Pathol 41(3):139–146
Chattopadhyay S, Ali KA, Doss G, Das NK, Aggarwal RK, Bandopadhyay TK, Sarkar A, Bajpai AK (2011) Association of leaf micro-morphological characters with powdery mildew resistance in field-grown mulberry (Morus spp.) germplasm. AoB plants. https://doi.org/10.1093/aabpla/plr002
Divya B, Aghora TS, Mohan N, Rekha A (2014) Physiological basis of rust resistance on french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Int J Hortic 4(11):1153–1157
Dixon LJ, Castlebury LA, Aime M, Glynn NC, Comstock JC (2010) Phylogenetic relationships of sugarcane rust fungi. Mycol Prog 9:459–468
Fier I, Balsalobre TWA, Chapola RG, Hoffmann HP, Carneiro MS (2020) Field resistance and molecular detection of the orange rust resistance gene linked to G1 marker in brazilian genotypes of sugarcane. Summa Phytopathol 46(2):92–97
Glynn NC, Laborde C, Davidson RW, Irey MS, Glaz B, d’Hont A, Comstock (2013) Utilization of major brown rust resistance gene in sugarcane breeding. Mol Breed 31:323–331
Gudesblat GE, Torres PS, Vojnov AA (2009) Stomata and pathogens. Plant Signal and Behav 4(12):1114–1116
Hoepers LML, Fiori-Tutida ACG, Ruaro L, Calegario RF, Oliveria RA, Duarte HSS (2020) Reaction of sugarcane genotypes to brown and orange rust by leaf whorl inoculation. Science 50:7e201907922020
Karabournitotis G, Liakopoulos G, Nikolopoulos D, Bresta P (2020) Protective and defensive roles of non-glandular trichomes against multiple stresses: structure-function coordination. J For Res 31:1–12
Levin DA (1973) The role of trichomes in plant defense. Q Rev Biol 48(1):3–15
Li M, Li W, Sun Y, Mao P, Qi X, Wang Y (2018) Analysis of leaf tissue structures between rust-resistant and rust-susceptible Zoysia grass (Zoysia japonica). Acta Physiol Plant 40:75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-018-2643-6
Li W, Wang X, Huang Y, Zhang R, Shan H, Yin J, Luo Z (2016) Molecular detection of Bru1 gene and identification of brown rust resistance in chinese sugarcane germplasm. Sugar Tech 19:183–190
Magarey RC (2010) Orange rust disease of sugarcane. Proceedings of International Sugarcane Technology 27: 1–9
Mayee CD, Datar VV (1986) Phytopathometry. Technical Bulletin-I (special bulletin-3). Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani
Melotto M, Zhang L, Oblessuc PR, He SY (2017) Stomatal defense a decade later. Plant Physiol 174(2):561–571
Per McCord, Glynn N, Comstock J (2019) Identifying markers for resistance to sugarcane orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii) via selective genotyping and captive sequencing. Euphytica 215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-019-2340-6
Perera MF, Bertani RP, Arias ME, Hechavaraia MDLLO, Navarro MAZ, Debes MA, Luque AC, Cuenya MI, Rojas RA, Castagnaro AP (2019) Morphological and molecular characterization of Puccinia kuehnii, the causal agent of sugarcane orange rust. IN Cuba Sci Agric 77(2). https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992X-2018-0038
Roda A, Nyrop J, English-Leob G (2003) Leaf pubescence mediates the abundance of non-prey food and the density of the predatory mite, Typhodromus pyri. Exp and Appl Acarol 29:193–211
Shaik M (1985) Race-nonspecific resistance in bean genotypes to races of Uromyces appendiculatus var. Appendiculatus and its correlation with leaf epidermal characteristics. Plant Dis 75(4):478–481
Solanki S, Ameen G, Borowicz P, Brueggeman RS (2019) Shedding light on penetration of cereal host stomata by wheat stem rust using improved methodology. Sci Rep 9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44280-6
Sundararaj N, Nagaraju S, Venkataramu A, Jagannath MK, Bangalore (1972)p 180
Sunkad G, Kulkarni S (2006) Studies on structural and biochemical mechanism of resistance in groundnut to Puccinia arachidis. Indian Phytopathol 59(3):323–328
Suriani S, Diaenuddin N, Talanca AH (2018) Correlation of stomata density to rust severity on some accessions of maize germplasm. JHPT Tropika 18(2):95–104
Tateda C, Obara K, Abe Y, Sekine R, Nekoduka S, Hikage T, Nishihara M, Sekine K, Fujisaki K (2019) The host stomatal density determines resistance to Septoria gentianae in Japanese Gentian. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 32(4):428–436
Underwood W, Melotto M, He SY (2007) Role of plant stomata in bacterial invasion. Cell Microbiol 9(7):1621–1629
Viswanathan R (2012) Sugarcane diseases and their management. Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore. ISBN 978-81-904359-1-8, 140
Viswanathan R, Padmanaban P, Mohanraj D, Prakasam N, Singh N, Selvakumar R, Malathi P, Ramesh Sundar A (2018) Status of red rot resistance in wild relatives of sugarcane, Sacharum spontaneum, interspecific hybrids and intergeneric hybrids. J Sugarcane Res 8(2):169–184
Wang Y, Zeng J, Xia X, Xu Y, Sun J, Gu J, Sun H, Lei H, Chen F, Jiang J, Fang W, Chen S (2020) Comparative analysis of leaf trichomes, epidermal wax and defense enzymes activities in response to Puccinia horiana in Chrysanthemum and Ajania species. Hortic Plant J 6(3): 191–198
Wheeler BES (1969) An introduction to plant disease. John Wiley and Sons Ltd., London, UK, p 301
Yu Z, Shen K, Newcombe G, Fan J, Chen Q (2019) Leaf cuticle can contribute to non-host resistance to poplar leaf rust. Forests https://doi.org/10.3390/f10100870
Zhao D, Glynn NC, Glaz B, Comstock JC, Sood S (2011) Orange rust effects and related characters of sugarcane. Plant Dis 95:640–647
Funding
No specific funding.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Varma, P.K., Chandrasekhar, V., Charumati, M. et al. Correlation of leaf trichome density and stomatal parameters of some commercial sugarcane genotypes to orange rust incidence and severity. Indian Phytopathology 76, 641–646 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-023-00624-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-023-00624-x