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Superior antimicrobial activity of cytocompatible ZnO bionanocomposites against skin-and wound-infecting bacteria

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Abstract

We report biogenic synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using phytochemical-enriched medicinal plant Azadirachta indica with the viewpoint of augmenting therapeutic potential of the resultant AIZnO bionanocomposites (AIZnO-NC). As-synthesized samples were subjected to comprehensive physico-chemical characterization to get insights into the structure, size, morphology, and possibility of stabilization/surface functionalization of nano-ZnO by organic moieties of plant origin. The antimicrobial activity of the typical AIZnO-NC was tested by agar-well diffusion method against Gram-negative (K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria. Although the antimicrobial potential of the AIZnO-NC was found to be effective against all the tested human pathogens, it is particularly notable in the case of S. aureus, the notorious opportunistic bacteria responsible for drug-resistant skin and wound infections. The MIC value was recorded as 0.23 ± 0.05, 0.26 ± 0.05, 0.43 ± 0.10, and 0.16 ± 0.05 mg/ml against K. pneumoniae, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus, respectively. Besides, growth curve study revealed that the growth of S. aureus was completely inhibited at 0.16 ± 0.05 mg/ml of AIZnO-NC. Cytotoxicity checked against HeLa cells by using different concentrations of AIZnO-NC displayed acceptably safe cytotoxicity for AIZnO bionanocomposites. In terms of favorable biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and less cytotoxicity, biogenic AIZnO-NC appears to be a promising candidate in skin-care applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their sincere thanks and gratitude towards the Chairman and Trustees, JTSSPM, Junnar, and the Principal, Shri Shiv Chhatrapati College, Junnar, for providing all the laboratory facilities. Dr. Dinesh Amalnerkar gratefully acknowledges the authorities of Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering (PCCOE) for the financial support. The authors are grateful to the Deanship of Scientific Research for providing partial funding to this work through Research Grant No (RG-1440-093).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology and Research Centre, Shri Shiv Chhatrapati College, Junnar, Pune, 410 502, India

    Pramod C. Mane, Deepali P. Mane & Ravindra D. Chaudhari

  2. Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Panchwati, Off Pashan Road, Pune, 411 008, India

    Parag V. Adhyapak

  3. Krishna Institute of Allied Sciences and Directorate of Research, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences “Deemed to Be University”, Karad, Malkapur, 415 539, India

    Jayant Pawar

  4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Abdullah M. Aldhafiri & Amanullah Fatehmulla

  5. Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering (PCCOE), Pune, 411 044, India

    Dinesh P. Amalnerkar

  6. Junnar, India

    Aditya R. Chaudhari

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Contributions

R. D. Chaudhari and D. P. Amalnerkar devised the broad experimental framework; R. D. Chaudhari directed the research work; P. C. Mane, D. P. Mane, and A. R. Chaudhari conducted the experiments; Jayant Pawar carried out the cytotoxicity study; P. V. Adhyapak helped in the interpretation of the physico-chemical characterization data. Amanullah Fatehmulla provided fitting comments to improve the technical contents of the manuscript; P. C. Mane, P. V. Adhyapak, and R. D. Chaudhari wrote the first draft of the manuscript which was duly modified, improved, and finalized by R. D. Chaudhari and D. P. Amalnerkar with the help of A. M. Aldhafiri. All the authors read and approved the final contents of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ravindra D. Chaudhari or Dinesh P. Amalnerkar.

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Mane, P.C., Adhyapak, P.V., Mane, D.P. et al. Superior antimicrobial activity of cytocompatible ZnO bionanocomposites against skin-and wound-infecting bacteria. emergent mater. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-024-00681-6

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