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A review of use of metallurgical slag for its carbonation products: processes, crystallization behavior, and application status

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Abstract

In response to the pressing global issue of reducing carbon emissions and the crucial technical challenges of fully utilizing steel slag, researchers have been studying an accelerated carbonation process that entails the carbonation of basic oxides in steel slag to store CO2. However, despite its promising potential, the process has yet to see widespread industrial application. The latest research progress in the area of mineral carbonation processes, both direct and indirect, that are used to capture, utilize, and store carbon in steel slag are summarized. Given the limited scale of steel slag carbonation and the underutilized products that can be derived from it, a new research focus is proposed for examining the regulation of calcium carbonate crystal forms during carbonation using the Ca source in steel slag. Precise control of synthesis variables will help to ensure accurate control of calcium carbonate precipitation in the carbonation process. A summary of the effects of synthesis variables on CaCO3 crystal form and the latest research findings on controlling aragonite morphology are provided. The review is concluded with a discussion of the potential applications and future development prospects of CaCO3 whiskers.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the financial support from Hebei Province Central Guidance Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project (236Z3803G), Innovative Research Group Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2022209093), Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department (QN2021116), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52274333).

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  1. College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China

    Ya-jun Wang, Meng-jie Tao, Jun-guo Li, Jian-bao Zhang, Song Qin, Shao-hua Liu, Li-jie Peng, Xiao-pei Zhang, Xi Zhang & Ya-nan Zeng

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  1. Ya-jun Wang
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Correspondence to Jun-guo Li, Xi Zhang or Ya-nan Zeng.

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Wang, Yj., Tao, Mj., Li, Jg. et al. A review of use of metallurgical slag for its carbonation products: processes, crystallization behavior, and application status. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 30, 2341–2365 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-023-01108-y

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