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Effect of slag composition and current density on ingot cleanliness during low-frequency/DC electroslag process

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Abstract

For in-depth investigation of the effect of low-frequency and DC remelting on the cleanliness of electroslag ingot, laboratory experiments were performed with different current densities and slag compositions to analyze the variation of oxygen content and inclusions in electroslag ingots. When 70% CaF2 + 30% Al2O3 binary slag is used for remelting, the current density has different effects on the cleanliness of electroslag ingots with different power supply modes. At the power frequency of 2 Hz, the oxygen content and the number of inclusions in the electroslag ingot increase significantly with the increase in remelting current density. By contrast, when consumable electrode connected to cathode (DCSP) or consumable electrode connected to anode (DCRP) is employed, the current density has little influence on ingot cleanliness. At the same current density, DCSP remelting has a more adverse effect on ingot cleanliness compared with DCRP remelting. Compared with the use of 70% CaF2 + 30% Al2O3 binary slag, using 60% CaF2 + 20% Al2O3 + 20% CaO ternary slag significantly reduces the oxygen content and the number of inclusions in electroslag ingots, regardless of whether low-frequency or DC electroslag remelting occurs. The increase in oxygen and inclusions in electroslag ingot is caused by the electrolysis of Al2O3 in the slag pool. The increased inclusions mainly involve Al2O3 or Al-containing oxides with small size. As regards the power supply mode, low frequency, DCRP, and DCSP promote the electrolysis of Al2O3 in the slag pool. From the perspective of remelting slag composition, the slag with lower Al2O3 content can reduce the pollution of electrolysis on electroslag ingot.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52074002 and 51974002) and Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (Grant No. 2208085J37).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgy Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan, 243002, Anhui, China

    Yun-long Su, Tao Jin, Yu Wang, Meng-jun Wang, Xiao-fang Shi & Li-zhong Chang

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  1. Yun-long Su
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  2. Tao Jin
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Correspondence to Xiao-fang Shi.

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Su, Yl., Jin, T., Wang, Y. et al. Effect of slag composition and current density on ingot cleanliness during low-frequency/DC electroslag process. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 30, 2219–2228 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-023-01035-y

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