Abstract
Monilinia laxa is one of the most destructive fungal pathogens causing brown rot, blossom blight and spur infection on stone fruits such as peach, nectarine, apricot, cherry and plum. In 2019–2020 surveys, 30 orchards in the apricot and almond production areas of Malatya and Elazıg provinces of Turkey exhibited blossom and twig blight symptoms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of boron products, pyroligneous acid and some fungicides on Monilinia laxa. Boron derivatives and boscalid were tested at different concentrations (0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.1,0.2, 0.4, 0.6%; w/v, μg.ml−1) for their inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of M. laxa. Mycelial growth of M. laxa was completely inhibited by boric acid (0.1%), borax (0.09%), Etidot (0.09%), pyroligneous acid (0.8%) and boscalid (0.6 µgml−1). Boric acid (0.12%), borax (0.1%), Etidot-67 (0.15%), PA (1.2%) and boscalid (0.8 µg ml−1) significantly inhibited germination of conidia of M. laxa isolates. EC50 values for 4 isolates of M. laxa ranged from 0.028 to 0.569% (MIC values ranged from 0.09 to 0.8 µgml−1) for mycelial growth and from 0.052 to 0.750% (MIC values ranged from 0.1 to 0.12) for conidial germination. In field trials conducted in the two subsequent years, boscalid + pyraclostrobin showed the highest efficacy (82.4% and 85.2%), followed by PA + borax (64.2% and 65.6%), PA + boric acid (48.2% and 54.6%), and boric acid + borax (18.2% and 21.9%, respectively).
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Acknowledgements
The author thank Şener Kurt (Professor) and Soner Soylu (Professor) for technical advice and support, Mahmut Keskin (Professor) for helping statistical analysis. In addition, all phases of this study were carried out in the laboratories of the Plant Health Clinic (BISAK) of Hatay Mustafa Kemal University.
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Uysal, A. Control of Monilinia blossom and twig blight (Monilinia laxa) by boron, pyroligneous acid and boscalid. J Plant Pathol 106, 211–223 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-023-01546-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-023-01546-3