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Solid carrier bacterial formulations against Fusarium root and stem rot disease in cucumber

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Abstract

Microbiological applications in controlling plant diseases offer a powerful alternative to chemicals. The present study aimed to develop bacterial formulations with a suitable solid carrier and investigate their usability as biocontrol agents against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum, which causes Fusarium root and stem rot disease in cucumber. The present study determined the antifungal efficacy of bioagent bacteria (MF-1, TV-6 F, TV-17 C, C-37 A) on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum and identified using 16 S rDNA sequence analysis. Twelve formulations were created by determining pH and temperature conditions under which those bacteria grow optimally. The efficacy of formulations against the disease at different doses was tested on cucumber plants under greenhouse conditions. Also, the twelve formulations’ shelf lives were examined at room and 4 oC temperatures for six months. Using the endospores of Bacillus subtilis isolates TV-6 F, TV-17 C, and Pseudomonas chlororaphis isolates MF-1, C-37 A, the bacterial formulations were created in the range of 1.6 × 109 – 4 × 107 CFU g− 1. In general, it was determined that the antifungal efficacy of the formulations against the disease was higher than that of the synthetic seed treatment. In the shelf life studies of the formulations, bacterial counts after 6 months were found in the range of 8.9 × 109 – 9.3 × 106 CFU g− 1. The biological products developed in the present study against Fusarium root and stem rot disease in cucumber can be used as an alternative due to their significant advantages over synthetic fungicides.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for their financial support. We would like to thank Assoc. Prof. Elif Alper Tozlu from Atatürk University Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, for her valuable contributions.

Funding

This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (Grant Numbers 119O542).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Merve Şenol Kotan & Neslihan Dikbaş

  2. Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey

    Recep Kotan

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  1. Merve Şenol Kotan
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Contributions

M.Ş.K. conducted the experiments, recorded and processed the data, designed tables and graphs, prepared the draft manuscript, and revised and edited the final manuscript. R.K. designed the overall study. N.D., M.Ş.K, and R.K. developed and, discussed, and interpreted the results.

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Correspondence to Merve Şenol Kotan.

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Şenol Kotan, M., Dikbaş, N. & Kotan, R. Solid carrier bacterial formulations against Fusarium root and stem rot disease in cucumber. J Plant Pathol 106, 153–163 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-023-01530-x

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