Abstract
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the most economically damaging plant viruses because of its wide host range and transmission mode. TMV manipulates the plant to produce viral proteins, instead of resistant ones. However, microbes with pathogenic defenses have been beneficial against the biotic stress caused by TMV. Through DNA metabarcoding, the microbe communities between parts of the phyllosphere and rhizosphere infected by TMV were compared over a two-week period. Overall, there was a variation of microbial presence and higher species richness in the mock-inoculated than viral inoculated plants. After one week, the mock inoculated plant organs had higher species richness than viral inoculated plant organs due to the presence of viral threat. After two weeks, the viral inoculated soil had the second highest species richness due to the soil being colonized and the presence of defense mechanisms. In addition, there was a wide range of taxa present such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, and Cyanobacteria.
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Abbreviations
- TMV:
-
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
- UV:
-
Ultraviolet
- C:
-
Control/Mock Inoculated
- T:
-
Experimental/Viral Inoculated
- L1:
-
Inoculated Leaf 1
- L2:
-
Inoculated Leaf 2
- ST:
-
Systemic Leaf
- S:
-
Soil
- R:
-
Root
- GFP:
-
Green Fluorescent Protein
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the amazing contributors who have made this research possible, starting from the staff at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory DNA Learning Center and Stony Brook University. The researchers who made this research successful are Dr. Sharon Pepenella, Dr. Cristina Fernandez-Marco, Dr. Joslynn Lee, Dr. Cornel Ghiban, Dr. David Micklos, and Dr. Benoit Lacroix. Within the William Floyd High School’s Administration and Research Program, Ms. Christine Rosado, Mr. Philip Scotto, Ms. Lisa Pisano, Mrs. Deborah Gurney, Ms. Kathleen Keane, and Mr. Kevin Coster have provided an abundant amount of support and resources which have influenced this research in a positive way.
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Research was supported by the DNA Learning Center at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Bruce Nash is associated with this laboratory.
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This research study was designed and conducted by C.H.,V.H., and P.T. B.N., and P.T. managed and coordinated responsibility for the research activity and execution. V.H., L.M., and P.T. provided mentorship and oversight. B.N. provided the funding and reagents. P.T. provided the genetically engineered TMV and his glass chambers to grow the Nicotiana benthamiana plants in. The manuscript was written by C.H., and revised by V.H., L.M., P.T., and B.N.
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Hossain, C., Hernandez, V., McHugh, L. et al. Analyzing the impacts of tobacco mosaic virus on the microbial diversity of Nicotiana benthamiana. J Plant Pathol 104, 959–967 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-022-01103-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-022-01103-4