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Flexible and porous Co3O4-carbon nanofibers as binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors

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Abstract

Herein, flexible and porous Co3O4-carbon nanofibers (Co3O4-CNFs) were fabricated by electrospinning technique combining with the followed carbonization process. The effects of material composition and calcination temperature on morphology, pore structure, and electrochemical properties of the Co3O4-CNFs were systematically investigated. Results indicated that the obtained Co3O4-CNFs exhibited high porosity, high mechanical strength, and superior electrical conductivity. Electrochemical characterization results showed that the optimized Co3O4-CNFs as binder-free electrodes exhibited a specific capacitance of 369 F g−1 at the current density of 0.1 A g−1. Even at a high current density of 2 A g−1, the specific capacitance still remained at 181 F g−1, with the capacitance retention rate of 49%. Intriguingly, the prepared Co3O4-CNF film could recover to its original state easily after folding for three times, indicating good mechanical flexibility for free-standing electrodes. Coupled with the excellent mechanical flexibility, high specific capacitance, and simple fabrication process, the flexible and free-standing Co3O4-CNFs with hierarchical porous structure could be promising electrode materials for energy storage applications.

Flexible and porous Co3O4-carbon nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and carbonization,which can be used as free-standing electrodes for supercapacitors.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences (No. GZKF202001), and the Foundation of Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology of Ministry of Education of China (No. ZR201901). The authors also gratefully acknowledge the “Beyond Research Innovation & Development for Good Enterprises + ” Project, supported by the Ministry of Education (MOE), the Technology Development Program (S3030198) funded by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups (MSS, Korea), 2021 Research Grant from Kangwon National University and this work was also partially supported by 2020 work was also partially supported by 2020 Jeollannam-do (“Industry-University-Institute collaboration agricultural industrial complex R&D supporting program” operated by Jeonnam Technopark) to S.E.C.

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  1. Shan Liu and Haishun Du contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, China

    Shan Liu, Chuanling Si & Xing-Xiang Ji

  2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China

    Shan Liu, Kun Liu & Chuanling Si

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA

    Haishun Du & Xinyu Zhang

  4. Research Center of Biomass Clean Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Ming-Guo Ma

  5. Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest & Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea

    Ye-Eun Kwon & Sun-Eun Choi

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  1. Shan Liu
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Liu, S., Du, H., Liu, K. et al. Flexible and porous Co3O4-carbon nanofibers as binder-free electrodes for supercapacitors. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 4, 1367–1383 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-021-00344-8

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