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Use of thyroid hormones in hypothyroid and euthyroid patients: a 2020 THESIS questionnaire survey of members of the Hellenic Endocrine Society.

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate current practices of specialists in the use of thyroid hormone preparations in Greece as part of an ongoing international survey, namely THESIS—Treatment of Hypothyroidism in Europe by Specialists: an International Survey.

Methods

An electronic link leading to an anonymized questionnaire was sent to all (n = 837) members of the Hellenic Endocrine Society.

Results

In total, 501 respondents participated in the survey, though only part of the questionnaire was filled in by some participants. A total of 88.2% were endocrinologists and 57.9% worked in private practice. Levothyroxine (LT4) was the first-line choice (98.6%) for the treatment of hypothyroid patients. In total, 70.2% preferred LT4 soft-gel capsules for patients reporting intolerance to various foods. Soft-gel capsules were the preferred LT4 formulation for patients on generic LT4 and with unexplained poor biochemical control of hypothyroidism (66.3%) or inability to take LT4 fasted and separate from food/drink (68.3%). It was found that 48.4% would never use combined LT4 + LT3. However, 25% would use combination therapy for a short period in patients recovering from protracted hypothyroidism or in patients with normal serum TSH but persistent symptoms. Concerning euthyroid individuals, 31.9% considered treatment with thyroid hormones in infertile females with positive thyroid antibodies and 24.4% in patients with growing goiter. Selenium or iodine supplementation was used occasionally, mostly in patients with coexisting autoimmune thyroiditis.

Conclusions

LT4 tablets are the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism in Greece. Several conditions may lead to various other practices, some of which deviate from current evidence-based guidelines and need more scrutiny.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Center, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

    Stavroula A. Paschou & Maria Alevizaki

  2. Endocrine Unit, IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

    Roberto Attanasio

  3. Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

    Laszlo Hegedüs

  4. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

    Endre V. Nagy

  5. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Regina Apostolorum Hospital, Albano, Rome, Italy

    Enrico Papini

  6. Department of Endocrinology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

    Petros Perros

  7. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece

    Andromachi Vryonidou

Authors
  1. Stavroula A. Paschou
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  2. Maria Alevizaki
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  3. Roberto Attanasio
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  4. Laszlo Hegedüs
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  5. Endre V. Nagy
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  6. Enrico Papini
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  7. Petros Perros
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  8. Andromachi Vryonidou
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andromachi Vryonidou.

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Ethics approval

Ethical approval was not required.

Consent to participate

A signed informed consent was not required from participants in this anonymous and voluntary questionnaire survey.

Conflict of interest

THESIS is supported by IBSA Institut Biochimique SA. PP, LH, EVN, and EP are scientific board members of and have received consultancy fees from IBSA Biochimique. IBSA had no role in the design of the survey, data analysis, data presentation, data interpretation, or writing the manuscript.

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THESIS - Treatment of Hypothyroidism in Europe by Specialists: An International Survey

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Paschou, S.A., Alevizaki, M., Attanasio, R. et al. Use of thyroid hormones in hypothyroid and euthyroid patients: a 2020 THESIS questionnaire survey of members of the Hellenic Endocrine Society.. Hormones 21, 103–111 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-021-00335-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-021-00335-w

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