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Relationship between oral and physical function and length of participation in long-term care prevention programs in community-dwelling older Japanese women

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Key summary points

AbstractSection Aim

This study aimed to clarify the relationship between community-dwelling older women’s participation period in community-based exercise programs and their oral and physical functioning.

AbstractSection Findings

Long-term participation in an exercise program is associated with greater handgrip strength and repetition of the monosyllable /ka/ in independent older Japanese women.

AbstractSection Message

Physical function and tongue motor function may be related to participation duration in an exercise program.

Abstract

Purpose

The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between community-dwelling older women’s participation period in community-based exercise programs and their oral and physical functioning.

Methods

From May to September 2019, we recruited 205 older women (mean age: 77.6 ± 5.5 years) who had joined weekly long-term care prevention programs such as community-based exercise programs that included oral and physical exercises, in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Physical function was evaluated using a handgrip strength test, a Timed Up & Go test, a one-leg standing test, and a 30-s chair stand test. Tongue pressure, oral diadochokinesis, and Dysphagia Risk Assessment for the Community-dwelling Elderly were measured to evaluate oral functioning. After adjusting for clinical factors (i.e., age, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, heart disease, joint disease, osteoporosis, remaining teeth, denture use, oral wetness, history of dental examinations in the last year, use of interdental brush and/or dental floss), we compared the oral and physical function parameters of participants from varying program engagement periods using propensity score matching.

Results

A significant increase in mean handgrip strength was found in people who had been participating for ≥ 5 years compared with those who had been participating for < 5 years (p = 0.01). Furthermore, repetition of the monosyllable/ka/was significantly greater for people in the ≥ 5 years group compared with those in the < 5 years group (p = 0.03).

Conclusion

Long-term participation in an exercise program is positively associated with handgrip strength and tongue motor function in independent older women.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Anita Harman, PhD, from Edanz Group (https://en-author-services.edanzgroup.com/) for editing a draft of this manuscript.

Funding

This research was financially supported by Hiroshima University grant funding.

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Author notes

  1. Sanae Miyoshi and Ayumi Saito contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Public Oral Health, Program of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan

    Sanae Miyoshi, Hideo Shigeishi, Kouji Ohta & Masaru Sugiyama

  2. Takehara-Toyota Dental Hygienists’ Association, Hiroshima, Japan

    Sanae Miyoshi

  3. Oral Health Sciences Major, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan

    Ayumi Saito

Authors
  1. Sanae Miyoshi
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  2. Ayumi Saito
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  3. Hideo Shigeishi
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  4. Kouji Ohta
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  5. Masaru Sugiyama
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Contributions

SM and AS designed and performed the study, analyzed and interpreted the data, and wrote the paper. HS analyzed and interpreted the data and wrote the paper. KO and MS discussed and interpreted the data and aided in writing the paper. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hideo Shigeishi.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Ethics approval

The study design was approved by the Ethical Committee of Hiroshima University (No. E-1261).

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All participants signed an informed consent agreement.

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All data generated or analyzed in this study are included in this article.

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Miyoshi, S., Saito, A., Shigeishi, H. et al. Relationship between oral and physical function and length of participation in long-term care prevention programs in community-dwelling older Japanese women. Eur Geriatr Med 12, 387–395 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-020-00424-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-020-00424-w

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