Skip to main content
Log in

An investigation of nonmagnetic iron slag effect on engineering parameters of expansive soil and its statistical validation

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Multiscale and Multidisciplinary Modeling, Experiments and Design Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Soil is a surface material formed from the disintegration of rock under physical and chemical processes. Each soil has different characteristics because of the formation process. The soils are classified as cohesive and noncohesive soil based on their characteristics. The soil having more than 50% fine content is called expansive soil. The geotechnical improvement and handling of the expansive soil is challenging for geotechnical engineers. The present research improves the engineering parameters of expansive soil collected from the Talab, Nainwa, Bundi, using nonmagnetic iron (NMI) slag. For that purpose, 5–30% NMI slag was added at a 5% variation to analyze the effect of NMI slag on the engineering properties of soil. The laboratory investigation showed that the specific gravity of soil is increased by 18.36% by adding 30% NMI slag. Conversely, the swelling index of soil is decreased by 76% by adding 30% NMI slag. The plasticity index of soil is decreased by 16.84% with the addition of 30% NMI slag. The standard proctor test results, i.e., optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD), showed that the MDD of soil is increased by 18.62% by adding 25% NMI slag. Furthermore, the strength parameters, such as soaked CBR, unsoaked CBR, and unconfined compressive strength of soil, are increased by 57.17%, 105.28%, and 142.75%, respectively. The analysis of results showed a significant improvement in the engineering properties of expansive soil using the NMI slag. Also, it was found that the NMI slag improved the UCS of soil better than the copper slag, steel slag, and ground granulated blast furnace slag. In addition, the experimental results of the NMI slag stabilized soil were validated by statistical clauses of the ANOVA (F > F crit and p-value < 0.05) and T-test (p-one tail < p-two tail < 0.05, T-one tail < T-two tail < t state) and accepted the research hypothesis for this research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

All data are mentioned in the manuscript.

References

Download references

Funding

Not applicable.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

Amit Kumar Jangid: main author, literature review, manuscript preparation, statistical analysis, detailing, and overall analysis; Kamaldeep Singh Grover: main author, conceptualization, detailing, overall analysis; comprehensive analysis, manuscript finalization, detailed review, and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amit Kumar Jangid.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jangid, A.K., Grover, K.S. An investigation of nonmagnetic iron slag effect on engineering parameters of expansive soil and its statistical validation. Multiscale and Multidiscip. Model. Exp. and Des. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41939-024-00444-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41939-024-00444-0

Keywords

Navigation