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Automotive Li-Ion Batteries: Current Status and Future Perspectives

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Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are currently the most suitable energy storage device for powering electric vehicles (EVs) owing to their attractive properties including high energy efficiency, lack of memory effect, long cycle life, high energy density and high power density. These advantages allow them to be smaller and lighter than other conventional rechargeable batteries such as lead–acid batteries, nickel–cadmium batteries (Ni–Cd) and nickel–metal hydride batteries (Ni–MH). Modern EVs, however, still suffer from performance barriers (range, charging rate, lifetime, etc.) and technological barriers (high cost, safety, reliability, etc.), limiting their widespread adoption. Given these facts, this review sets the extensive market penetration of LIB-powered EVs as an ultimate objective and then discusses recent advances and challenges of electric automobiles, mainly focusing on critical element resources, present and future EV markets, and the cost and performance of LIBs. Finally, novel battery chemistries and technologies including high-energy electrode materials and all-solid-state batteries are also evaluated for their potential capabilities in next-generation long-range EVs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors greatly appreciate the financial support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the University of Waterloo and the Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology. J. Lu gratefully acknowledges support from the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office. Argonne National Laboratory is operated for DOE Office of Science by UChicago Argonne, LLC, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Waterloo Institute for Sustainable Energy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Yuanli Ding, Zachary P. Cano, Aiping Yu & Zhongwei Chen

  2. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA

    Jun Lu

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  1. Yuanli Ding
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  2. Zachary P. Cano
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Correspondence to Jun Lu or Zhongwei Chen.

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Ding, Y., Cano, Z.P., Yu, A. et al. Automotive Li-Ion Batteries: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Electrochem. Energ. Rev. 2, 1–28 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41918-018-0022-z

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