Abstract
Ultra-dense network (UDN) is a promising solution to meet the huge data requirements of future 5G wireless communication systems. With many irregularly deployed small cell base stations (SBSs), it is very difficult to accurately measure network energy efficiency (EE) in UDN. Considering the necessity of saving energy in modern-day networks, in this paper, I present the EE evaluation of UDN based on the random spatial network model. In this considered system, the SBSs and the macro cell users (MUEs) are modeled as a homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP). Unlike the existing literature, I derive the simple closed-form expressions for the successful transmission probabilities of MUEs and small cells by Laplace transformation. Then, based on the obtained successful transmission probabilities, I derive the closed form expression for EE of the small cells in both uplink and downlink under some practical constraints. Further, to obtain the optimal SBS density in UDN, I propose a joint uplink and downlink power allocation (JUDPA) algorithm. The JUDPA algorithm obtains the maximum EE in small cells by iteratively optimizing the uplink and downlink powers. Our theoretical analysis and simulated results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed model with better power allocation and less complexity than conventional solutions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Pan Z, Zhu Q (2017) Energy efficiency optimization in 3-D small cell networks-based sleep strategy. IEEE Commun Lett 21(5):1131–1134
Onireti O, Imran A, Imran MA, Tafazolli R (2016) Energy efficient inter-frequency small cell discovery in heterogeneous networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 65(9):7122–7135
Zhang H, Huang S, Jiang C, Long K, Leung VCM, Poor HV (2017) Energy efficient user association and power allocation in millimeter-wave-based ultra dense networks with energy harvesting base stations. IEEE J Sel Areas Commun 35(9):1936–1947
Fang D, Qian Y, Hu RQ (2018) Security for 5G mobile wireless networks. IEEE Access 6:4850–4874
Al-Rubaye S, Al-Dulaimi A, Cosmas J, Anpalagan A (2018) Call admission control for non-standalone 5G ultra-dense networks. IEEE Commun Lett 22(5):1058–1061
Jaber M, Imran MA, Tafazolli R, Tukmanov A (2016) 5G backhaul challenges and emerging research directions: a survey. IEEE Access 4:1743–1766
Tombaz S, Monti P, Farias F, Fiorani M, Wosinska L, Zander J (2014) Is backhaul becoming a bottleneck for green wireless access networks? In: 2014 IEEE international conference of communications (ICC), June 2014, pp 4029–4035
Teng Y, Liu M, Yu FR, Leung VCM, Song M, Zhang Y (2018) Resource allocation for ultra-dense networks: a survey, some research issues and challenges. IEEE Commun Surv Tutor 21:2134–2168
Zhang H, Liu H, Cheng J, Leung VCM (2018) Downlink energy efficiency of power allocation and wireless backhaul bandwidth allocation in heterogeneous small cell networks. IEEE Trans Commun 66(4):1705–1716
Ye G, Zhang H, Liu H, Cheng J, Leung VCM (2016) Energy efficient joint user association and power allocation in a two-tier heterogeneous network. In: 2016 IEEE global Communication Conference (GLOBECOM), Dec 2016, pp 1–5
Liu Y, Wang Y, Sun R, Huang R (2017) Hierarchical resource allocation in ultra-dense networks. In: (2017) IEEE 86th vehicle technology conference (VTC-Fall), Sept 2017, pp 1–5
Tang J, So DKC, Alsusa E, Hamdi KA, Shojaeifard A, Wong K (2018) Energy-efficient heterogeneous cellular networks with spectrum underlay and overlay access. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 67(3):2439–2453
Zhang T, Zhao J, An L, Liu D (2016) Energy efficiency of base station deployment in ultra dense hetnets: a stochastic geometry analysis. IEEE Wirel Commun Lett 5(2):184–187
Liang L, Wang W, Jia Y, Fu S (2016) A cluster-based energy-efficient resource management scheme for ultra-dense networks. IEEE Access 4:6823–6832
Al-Falahy N (2018) Alani OYK (2018) Network capacity optimisation in millimetre wave band using fractional frequency reuse. IEEE Access 6:10924–10932
Yunas SF, Valkama M, Niemel J (2015) Spectral and energy efficiency of ultra-dense networks under different deployment strategies. IEEE Commun Mag 53(1):90–100
Hoang TD, Le LB, Le-Ngoc T (2016) Energy-efficient resource allocation for D2D communications in cellular networks. IEEE Trans Veh Technol 65(9):6972–6986
Zhang H, Jiang C, Bennis M, Debbah M, Han Z, Leung VCM (2018) Heterogeneous ultra dense networks: part 2. IEEE Commun Mag 56(6):12–13
Tabassum H, Dawy Z, Hossain E, Alouini M (2014) Interference statistics and capacity analysis for uplink transmission in two-tier small cell networks: a geometric probability approach. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun 13(7):3837–3852
Mir T, Dai L, Yang Y, Shen W, Wang B (2017) Optimal femtocell density for maximizing throughput in 5g heterogeneous networks under outage constraints. In: 2017 IEEE 86th vehicular technology conference (VTC-Fall), pp 1–5
Shalmashi S, Bjrnson E, Kountouris M, Sung KW, Debbah M (2015) Energy efficiency and sum rate when massive MIMO meets device-to-device communication. In: 2015 IEEE international conference on communication workshop (ICCW), June 2015, pp 627–632
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mir, U. Joint uplink and downlink power allocation for maximizing the energy efficiency in ultra-dense networks. Int. j. inf. tecnol. 14, 1241–1249 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41870-020-00510-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41870-020-00510-z