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Effects of PM2.5 and Meteorological Parameters on the Incidence Rates of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the Upper Northern Region of Thailand

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Abstract

The research aimed to study the effect of ambient PM2.5 and meteorological parameters on the incidence rates of COPD. The study, using the panel model, lasted for 7 years and covered eight provinces in the upper northern region of Thailand (January 2014–December 2020). The feasible general least squares (FGLS) for the heteroscedasticity were used to estimate all the parameters in the model. The study result showed that all PM2.5 and meteorological parameters contributed to an increase in COPD cases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, refers to a group of diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis (Mannino et al. 2002). We found that the average increase of PM2.5 by 1%, would add an increased risk of COPD cases by 0.25% at a significance level of 0.10. Our study results also revealed that the average increase of temperature, humidity and hot spots by 1% would lead to the increased risk of new COPD cases by 0.42% at a significance level of 0.05. Moreover, a rise in the average of the lowest temperature in the provinces under the study by 1%, would increase the number of new cases of COPD by 0.92% at a significance level at 0.01. There were some challenges involved in investigating health impacts of PM2.5. This study demonstrated that evidence from the econometric panel data model provided valuable information for future efforts to prevent incidence of PM2.5 disease. It is recommended that a more comprehensive program is needed to reduce the exacerbation rate of COPD.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Pollution Control Department, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, the Department of Environment and Disasters Geo spatial Applications and Services Office, Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA) as well as the Health Information Center (HDC System) and the Meteorological Department of Thailand for providing the datasets for this study. The author would also like to express our utmost gratitude to all the advisors for their support. And last but not least, I would also like to thank Prof. Dr. Siwat Pongpienchan of the Department of National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA) for his great advice and guidance.

Funding

This study is funded by Maejo University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Economics, Maejo University, 63 Sansai-Phrao Road, Nongharn, Sansai District, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand

    Wichuda Singkam, Nirote Sinnarong, Kittawit Autchariyapanitkul & Katesuda Sitthisuntikul

  2. School of Social and Environmental Development, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA), 148, Sereethai Road, Klong-Chan, Bangkapi, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand

    Siwatt Pongpiachan

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  1. Wichuda Singkam
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  2. Nirote Sinnarong
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  4. Katesuda Sitthisuntikul
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  5. Siwatt Pongpiachan
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Correspondence to Nirote Sinnarong or Siwatt Pongpiachan.

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Singkam, W., Sinnarong, N., Autchariyapanitkul, K. et al. Effects of PM2.5 and Meteorological Parameters on the Incidence Rates of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in the Upper Northern Region of Thailand. Aerosol Sci Eng 6, 223–230 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41810-022-00138-5

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