Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

P2O5–Pb3O4–ZnO–Li2CO3–CuO glasses and their radiation attenuation properties for shielding applications

  • Research
  • Published:
Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The use of lead as a radiation shield is becoming unpopular due to toxicity concern. Glasses are promising alternatives for eliminating this problem. This study is thus aimed at ascertaining the shielding efficacy of a newly developed glass system against gamma-ray, charged particle, fast, and thermal neutrons. The radiation shielding parameters of the novel PPZLC glass system were theoretically calculated and analysed. The chemical structure of the PPZLC glasses is 65P2O5–10Pb3O4–5ZnO–(20–x)Li2CO3–xCuO where x = 0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.0 mol% represents PPZLC1, PPZLC2, PPZLC3 and PPZLC4 glasses respectively. The gamma-ray mass attenuation coefficient MAC of the glasses for 0.1–10 MeV photons was calculated by FLUKA simulation and XCOM software. Calculated MAC values varied from 2.025 to 0.031, 2.027 to 0.032, 2.029 to 0.032 and 2.027 to 0.032 cm2/g in the order of PPZLC1-4. Analysis of other photon shielding parameters such as half value layer and mean free path showed that the increase in the concentration of CuO improved the shielding ability of the glasses against photons. Similarly, the trend of projected range of electrons, protons, α-particles and carbon ions showed the absorption capacity of charged particles in the glasses increased from PPZLC1-4. Furthermore, the fast neutron removal cross section increased considerably from 0.1006 to 0.1038 cm−1 for CuO molar concentration increase of 0–1.0 mol%. However, the reduction in the molar concentration of Li2CO3 led to the decline of absorption and total cross section for thermal neutrons in the glasses. Comparing the photon and neutron absorbing capacity of the PPZLC1-4 glasses with common shielding materials, it was observed that the present glasses have potential to function well in radiation absorbing or collimating applications. They can thus be recommended for use as radiation shields in medical and industrial application of photons coupled with fast neutrons, storage for radioactive materials and other related functions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The manuscript is associated with all the requested data.

References

  1. Bashter, I.I.: Calculation of radiation attenuation coefficients for shielding concretes. Ann. Nucl. Energy 24(17), 1389–1401 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4549(97)00003-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Eke, Canel, and M. S. Al-Buriahi. "The effect of some modifier oxides on the radiation shielding properties of zirconia doped sodium borosilicate glasses." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 197,  110164 (2022)

  3. Saeed, A., Alomairy, S., Sriwunkum, C., Al-Buriahi, M.S.: Neutron and charged particle attenuation properties of volcanic rocks. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 184, 109454 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109454

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Olarinoye, O. and Oche, C.:Gamma-ray and fast neutron shielding parameters of two new titanium-based bulk metallic glasses. Iran. J. Med. Phys. 18(2), 139–147 (2021). https://ijmp.mums.ac.ir/article_14626.html

  5. Elsafi, M., El-Nahal, M.A., Alrashedi, M.F., Olarinoye, O.I., Sayyed, M.I., Khandaker, M.U., Osman, H., Alamri, S., Abbas, M.I.: Shielding properties of some marble types: a comprehensive study of experimental and XCOM results. Materials 14(15), 4194 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14154194

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kaur, Taranjot, Yogesh K. Vermani, M. S. Al-Buriahi, Jamila Alzahrani, and Tejbir Singh. Comprehensive investigations on radiation shielding efficacy of bulk and nano Pb-Sn-Cd-Zn alloys. Physica Scripta (2022).

  7. Alzahrani, J.S., Alrowaili, Z.A., Olarinoye, I.O., Alothman, M.A., Al-Baradi, A.M., Kebaili, I., Al-Buriahi, M.S.: Nuclear shielding properties and buildup factors of Cr-based ferroalloys. Prog. Nucl. Energy 141, 103956 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103956

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Olarinoye, I.O., Siraju, K.O. and Alabi, A.A.:Assessment of shielding potentials and radiological safety indices of Nigerian granite rocks (2019). https://doi.org/10.4314/njtr.v14i2.11

  9. Al-Buriahi, M.S., Taha, T.A., Alothman, M.A., et al.: Influence of WO3 incorporation on synthesis, optical, elastic and radiation shielding properties of borosilicate glass system. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 779 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01790-5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. El-Khatib, A.M., Elsafi, M., Almutiri, M.N., Mahmoud, R.M.M., Alzahrani, J.S., Sayyed, M.I., Abbas, M.I.: Enhancement of bentonite materials with cement for gamma-ray shielding capability. Materials 14(16), 4697 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Eid, M.S., Bondouk, I.I., Saleh, H.M., Omar, K.M., Sayyed, M.I., El-Khatib, A.M., Elsafi, M.: Implementation of waste silicate glass into composition of ordinary cement for radiation shielding applications. Nucl. Eng. Technol. 54(4), 1456–1463 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Sekhar, K.C., Kavitha, B., Narsimlu, N., et al.: Enhancement of shielding ability using PbF2 in Fe-reinforced bismuth borate glasses. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 23047–23065 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06788-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Mahmoud, I.S., Issa, S.A., Zakaly, H.M., Saudi, H.A., Ali, A.S., Saddeek, Y.B., Alharbi, T., Tekin, H.O.: Material characterization of WO3/Bi2O3 substituted calcium-borosilicate glasses: Structural, physical, mechanical properties and gamma-ray resistance competencies. J. Alloy. Compd. 888, 161419 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.161419

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Mhareb, M.H.A., Alqahtani, M., Alajerami, Y.S.M., Alshahri, F., Sayyed, M.I., Mahmoud, K.A., Saleh, N., Alonizan, N., Al-Buriahi, M.S., Kaky, K.M.: Ionizing radiation shielding features for titanium borosilicate glass modified with different concentrations of barium oxide. Mater. Chem. Phys. 272, 125047 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.125047

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Al-Buriahi, M.S., Eke, C., Alomairy, S., et al.: Micro-hardness and gamma-ray attenuation properties of lead iron phosphate glasses. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 13906–13916 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-05966-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Li, X., Yang, H., Song, X., Wu, Y.: Glass forming region, structure and properties of zinc iron phosphate glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 379, 208–213 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2013.08.014

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Chavan, V.K., Sreenivasulu, M.: Thermal, mechanical and optical studies of copper ion-doped glass material for the band pass filter. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 20499–20509 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06559-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Sayyed, M.I., Albarzan, B., Almuqrin, A.H., El-Khatib, A.M., Kumar, A., Tishkevich, D.I., Trukhanov, A.V., Elsafi, M.: Experimental and theoretical study of radiation shielding features of CaO-K2O-Na2O-P2O5 glass systems. Materials 14(14), 3772 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143772

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Rammah, Y.S., Olarinoye, I.O., El-Agawany, F.I., El-Adawy, A.: Environment friendly La3+ ions doped phosphate glasses/glass-ceramics for gamma radiation shielding: their potential in nuclear safety applications. Ceram. Int. 46(17), 27616–27626 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.07.256

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Al-Harbi, N., Sayyed, M.I., Kumar, A., et al.: A comprehensive investigation on the role of PbO in the structural and radiation shielding attribute of P2O5–CaO–Na2O–K2O–PbO glass system. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 12371–12382 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-05868-9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Aloraini, D.A., Almuqrin, A.H., Sayyed, M.I., Al-Ghamdi, H., Kumar, A., Elsafi, M.: Experimental investigation of radiation shielding competence of Bi2O3-CaO-K2O-Na2O-P2O5 glass systems. Materials 14(17), 5061 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Al-Buriahi, M.S., Alrowaili, Z.A., Alsufyani, S.J., et al.: The role of PbF2 on the gamma-ray photon, charged particles, and neutron shielding prowess of novel lead fluoro bismuth borate glasses. J. Mater. Sci: Mater Electron 33, 1123–1139 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-07382-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Battistoni, G., Boehlen, T., Cerutti, F., Chin, P.W., Esposito, L.S., Fassò, A., Ferrari, A., Lechner, A., Empl, A., Mairani, A., Mereghetti, A.: Overview of the FLUKA code. Ann. Nucl. Energy 82, 10–18 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2014.11.007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Creagh, D.C., Hubbell, J.H.: Problems associated with the measurement of X-ray attenuation coefficients Pt 1. Acta Crystallogr. A 43(1), 102–112 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1107/S0108767387099793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Berger, M., Cousey, J., Zucker, M., & Chung, J.:ESTAR, PSTAR and ASTAR: computer program for calculation of stopping power and range tables for electron, proton and helium ions (version 1.2.3) (2005). URL http://physics.nist.gov/ESTAR.

  26. Ziegler, J.F., Ziegler, M.D., Biersack, J.P.: SRIM–the stopping and range of ions in matter (2010). Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B 268(11–12), 1818–1823 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2010.02.091

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Al-Buriahi, M.S., Olarinoye, I.O., Alomairy, S., Kebaili, I., Kaya, R., Arslan, H., Tonguc, B.T.: Dense and environment friendly bismuth barium telluroborate glasses for nuclear protection applications. Prog. Nucl. Energy 137, 103763 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103763

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wood J.:Computational methods in reactor shielding. Elsevier; (2013) Oct 22.

  29. Chilton, A.B., Shultis, J.K., and Faw, R.E.:Principles of radiation shielding, Prentice- Hall, New York. (1984).

  30. Al-Buriahi, M.S., et al.: Radiation attenuation properties of some commercial polymers for advanced shielding applications. Polym. Adv. Technol. 32, 2386–2396 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.5267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. SCHOTT commercial glasses http://www.schott.com/advancedoptics/English/products/opticalmaterials/specialmaterials/radiation-shielding-glasses/index.html

  32. Rammah, Y.S., et al.: Investigations on borate glasses within SBC-Bx system for gamma-ray shielding applications. Nucl. Eng. Technol. 53(1), 282–293 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2020.06.034

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Olarinoye, I.O., et al.: The effects of La2O3 addition on mechanical and nuclear shielding properties for zinc borate glasses in Monte Carlo simulation. Ceram. Int. 46(18), 29191–29198 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.08.092

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Mohamad Raheem Ahmed, Chandra Sekhar, K., Sheik Ahammed, Vasant Sathe, Alrowaili, Z.A., Mongi Amami, Olarinoye, I.O., Al-Buriahi, M.S., Tonguc, B.T., Shareefuddin, Md.:Synthesis, physical, optical, structural and radiation shielding characterization of borate glasses: a focus on the role of SrO/Al2O3 substitution. Ceram. Int. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.09.301.

  35. Alzahrani, J.S., Eke, E., Alrowaili, Z.A., Somaily H.H., Sriwunkum C, and Al-Buriahi, M.S.:Evaluation of the radiation shielding characteristics of WO3–MoO3–TeO2/Sb2O3 glasses. Can. Metall. Q. 1–11 (2022).

  36. Alharshan, G.A., Alrowaili, Z.A., Olarinoye, I.O., and Al-Buriahi M.S.:Holmium (III) oxide and its significant effects on the radiation shielding performance of P2O5+ B2O3+ ZnSO4 optical glasses. Optik: 169188 (2022).

  37. Alzahrani, J.S., Muniz, J.F, Alrowaili, Z.A., Novatski, A., Gunha, J.V., Gonçalves, A, Olarinoye I. O., and Al-Buriahi, M.S.:A synergistic effect of heavy metal oxides to enhance the physical, optical, and radiation-absorption properties of TeO2-Li2O-BaO glasses. Optik: 169189 (2022)

  38. Alzahrani, J.S., Lebedev, A.V., Avanesov, S.A., Hammoud, A, Alrowaili, Z. A., Mahmoud, Z.M.M., Olarinoye, I.O., Sriwunkum, C., and Al-Buriahi, M. S.:Synthesis, optical properties and radiation shielding performance of TeO2-Na2O-BaO-WO3 glass system. Optik 169167 (2022).

  39. Edukondalu, A., Stalin, S., SrinivasaReddy, M., Eke, C., Alrowaili, Z.A., Al-Buriahi, M.S.: Synthesis, thermal, optical, mechanical and radiation-attenuation characteristics of borate glass system modified by Bi2O3/MgO. Appl. Phys. A 128(4), 1–12 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project (Grant No. PNURSP2022R48), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia for funding this work through Research Groups Program under grant number R.G.P2/171/43.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia

    Jamila S. Alzahrani

  2. Department of Physics, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O.Box:2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia

    Z. A. Alrowaili

  3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, Saudi Arabia

    Samia ben Ahmed

  4. Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria

    I. O. Olarinoye

  5. Department of Physics, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand

    Chahkrit Sriwunkum

  6. Department of Physics, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey

    M. S. Al-Buriahi

Authors
  1. Jamila S. Alzahrani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Z. A. Alrowaili
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Samia ben Ahmed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. I. O. Olarinoye
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Chahkrit Sriwunkum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. M. S. Al-Buriahi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All the authors have accepted full responsibility for the content of this manuscript and have given their approval to its submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. S. Al-Buriahi.

Ethics declarations

Consent to participate

The authors consent to participate and publication.

Consent for publication

The authors consent to participate and publication.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

The manuscript has not been published or under consideration elsewhere.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Alzahrani, J.S., Alrowaili, Z.A., Ahmed, S.b. et al. P2O5–Pb3O4–ZnO–Li2CO3–CuO glasses and their radiation attenuation properties for shielding applications. J Aust Ceram Soc 58, 1219–1229 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-022-00771-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-022-00771-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation