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Metagenomic and Culture-Dependent Analysis of the Bacterial Diversity of a Hot Spring Reservoir as a Function of the Seasonal Variation

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Abstract

A natural thermal habitat, Tulasi Shyam, was studied for the culture-dependent and culture-independent diversity of the thermophilic bacteria. Soil and water samples of winter, summer and monsoon seasons were analyzed to assess the impact of the seasonal variation on the microbial diversity. The soil was fertile and contained high humic substances. The temperature of the water was 50 °C, which did not significantly vary with seasons. Various methods were assessed for the extraction of the metagenomic DNA to obtain quality DNA in good quantity. The 16S rRNA genes were amplified using the metagenomic DNA as template and the products were analyzed further by the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) for evaluating the bacterial diversity. The metagenomic diversity of the hot spring reservoir-1 as compared to reservoir-2 was less influenced by the seasonal variations. The DGGE patterns of the soil samples suggested significant effect of the seasonal changes. The metagenomic diversity was distinct when compared with the culture-dependent microbial diversity. The diversity was further analyzed by the principal component analysis (PCA) and diversity indices. The apparent shift in the diversity appears to be governed by the prevailing environmental conditions.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the University Grant Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India and Saurashtra University, Rajkot (Gujarat, India) for the financial and infrastructural support. BAK acknowledges Senior Research Fellowship by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-SRF), the Government of India, New Delhi. AKS gratefully acknowledges Research Fellowship in Sciences for Meritorious Students by UGC, New Delhi, India. BAK also acknowledges the Department of Science and Technology (DST), the Government of India, New Delhi, for the International Travel Grant to present his work in 9th International Congress on Extremophiles 2012, held in Spain.

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  1. UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360 005, India

    B. A. Kikani, A. K. Sharma & S. P. Singh

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  1. B. A. Kikani
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  2. A. K. Sharma
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Correspondence to S. P. Singh.

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Kikani, B.A., Sharma, A.K. & Singh, S.P. Metagenomic and Culture-Dependent Analysis of the Bacterial Diversity of a Hot Spring Reservoir as a Function of the Seasonal Variation. Int J Environ Res 11, 25–38 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-017-0003-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-017-0003-9

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