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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Carbon Dots as Artificial Peroxidases for Analytical Applications

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This article was retracted on 23 March 2020

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Abstract

Nanozymes have become attractive in analytical and biomedical fields, mainly because of their low cost, long shelf life, and less environmental sensitivity. Particularly, nanozymes formed from nanomaterials having high surface area and rich active sites are interesting since their activities can be tuned through carefully controlling their size, morphology, and surface properties. This review article focuses on preparation of carbon dots (C dots) possessing peroxidase-like activity and their analytical applications. We highlight the important roles of the oxidation states and surface residues of C dots and their nanocomposites with metal, metal oxides, or metal sulfides playing on determining their specificity and sensitivity toward H2O2. Examples of C dot nanozymes (CDzymes) for developing sensitive and selective absorption, fluorescence, and electrochemical sensing systems in the presence of substrates are presented to show their potential in analytical applications. For example, CDzymes couple with glucose oxidase and cholesterol oxidase are specific and sensitive for quantitation of glucose and cholesterol, separately, when using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the signal probe. This review article concludes with possible strategies for enhancing and tuning the catalytic activity of CDzymes.

Article Highlights

  • Carbon dot nanozymes (CDzymes) possess peroxidase-like activity.

  • Low-cost and stable CDzymes based sensing systems are sensitive for quantitation of hydrogen peroxide.

  • CDzymes in conjunction with various enzymes have been used for quantitation of important analytes.

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Change history

  • 23 March 2020

    The publisher has retracted this article [1] due to an operational error during the publication process. The authors agree with this retraction.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan for providing financial support for this study under contracts 107-2113-M-002-015-MY3, and MOST 107-2113-M-018-005.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan

    Shih-Chun Wei & Huan-Tsung Chang

  2. Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, 50017, Taiwan

    Yang-Wei Lin

  3. Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, 32023, Taiwan

    Huan-Tsung Chang

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  1. Shih-Chun Wei
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Correspondence to Yang-Wei Lin or Huan-Tsung Chang.

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The publisher has retracted this article due to an operational error during the publication process. The authors agree with this retraction.

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Wei, SC., Lin, YW. & Chang, HT. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Carbon Dots as Artificial Peroxidases for Analytical Applications. J. Anal. Test. 3, 191–205 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41664-019-00107-x

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