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A Biography of Place: Thinking between Text, Practice, and Space at the Mission of St. Joseph, Senegal

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Abstract

A “biography of place” is presented as a means for parsing the relationship between missionization and place at the Catholic Mission of Saint Joseph, Ngasobil, Senegal (1863–1930). The traditional biographical approach is a potent mode of thinking through missionary landscapes that allows the gleaning of more information about the materiality of missionization; however, here, an additional understanding of biography—one focused on the act of writing itself—is explored in order to understand the ways in which missionaries themselves thought about making the mission place. A biography of St. Joseph’s is already occurring in the archives, which are read as metaphorically hagiographic in their attribution of divine agency to the mission place as a means of producing conversion and vocation. Through these two lines of evidence, it becomes clear that mission leadership thought explicitly about how being in Ngasobil served to cultivate faithfulness and to produce religious vocations.

Resumen

Se presenta una “biografía del lugar” como un medio para analizar la relación entre la misionización y el lugar en la Misión Católica de San José, Ngasobil, Senegal (1863–1930). El enfoque biográfico tradicional es un modo potente de pensar a través de los paisajes misioneros que permite recoger más información sobre la materialidad de la misionización; sin embargo, aquí, se explora una comprensión adicional de la biografía, una enfocada en el acto de escribir en sí mismo, para comprender las formas en que los mismos misioneros pensaron sobre la creación del lugar de la misión. Ya se está produciendo una biografía de San José en los archivos, que se leen como metafóricamente hagiográficos en su atribución de la agencia divina al lugar de la misión como un medio para producir conversión y vocación. A través de estas dos líneas de evidencia, queda claro que el liderazgo de la misión pensó explícitamente en cómo estar en Ngasobil sirvió para cultivar la fidelidad y producir vocaciones religiosas.

Résumé

Une « biographie du lieu » est présentée comme un moyen afin d'analyser la relation entre l'évangélisation et le site de la Mission catholique de Saint Joseph, Ngasobil, Sénégal (1863–1930). L'approche biographique traditionnelle est une méthode puissante de réflexion au travers des paysages missionnaires permettant de recueillir plus d'informations quant à la matérialité de l'évangélisation. Toutefois, une approche supplémentaire de la biographie—axée sur l'acte d'écriture lui-même—est ici conduite pour comprendre les manières dont les missionnaires eux-mêmes ont pensé la conception du lieu de la mission. Une biographie de St. Joseph se constitue d'ores et déjà dans les archives, qui sont lues comme une hagiographie au sens métaphorique de leur attribution d'une intervention divine au site même de la mission en tant que moyen visant à susciter la conversion et la vocation. Il devient clair par le biais de ces deux volets d'indices que la direction de la mission avait une réflexion explicite sur le fait que sa présence à Ngasobil contribuait à cultiver la foi et à produire des vocations religieuses.

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Notes

  1. All translations are by the author.

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Acknowledgments:

Many thanks to Natalie Swanepoel and Joanna Berhens, whose kind invitation to participate in the “Biographies of Mission” 2018 SHA session inspired this work, as well as the generous comments of reviewers and colleagues whose feedback significantly improved this article, especially Haeden Stewart, Kelsey Rooney, and members of the Interdisciplinary Archaeology Workshop at the University of Chicago. I am grateful to those who assisted my archival inquiries, especially Father Roger Tabard, Sister Marie Elisabeth Sané, Sister Marie Marthe Seck, and Mother Marie Diouf. Access to the site and invaluable oral histories were provided by the Filles du Saint-Coeur de Marie community in Ngasobil, particularly Sister Felicité Diene. This research was supported by the Wenner-Gren Foundation, the Division of the Social Sciences at the University of Chicago, the France Chicago Center, the Leiffer Fellowship Fund, the Center for International Social Science Research, and the Marion R. and Adolf J. Lichtstern Fund.

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  1. Department of Anthropology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Machmer Hall, 240 Hicks Way, Amherst, MA, 01003, U.S.A.

    Johanna Alaimo Pacyga

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Pacyga, J.A. A Biography of Place: Thinking between Text, Practice, and Space at the Mission of St. Joseph, Senegal. Hist Arch 57, 912–931 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41636-023-00425-z

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