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New data on sauropod palaeobiodiversity at the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition of Spain (Burgos)

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Abstract

The present paper studies a humerus (MDS-VPCR, 214) recovered from the site of Valdepalazuelos-Tenadas del Carrascal (Burgos, Spain). Geologically, it is located at the base of the Rupelo Formation (Cameros Basin), which is Tithonian-Berriasian in age. This formation is interpreted as shallow lacustrine/palustrine deposits with low-gradient margins and periodic changes in the water level. MDS-VPCR, 214 is gracile and straight, and has a larger mediolateral expansion at its proximal end than at the distal end. The deltopectoral crest is well expanded anteroposteriorly and extends towards the midline of the shaft. The distal articular head has radial and ulnar condyles similar in degree of development and there is a narrow groove between them. The distal articular surface is not divided between the ulnar and radial condyles; this surface extends towards the anterior and posterior surfaces of the humerus. MDS-VPCR, 214 shows significant morphological differences with respect to the humeri of the Iberian sauropods of the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition such as the turiasaurians Losillasaurus, Zby and Turiasaurus, the basal macronarians Lourinhasaurus and Aragosaurus, and the titanosauriforms Lusotitan, Galvesaurus.A phylogenetic analysis of MDS-VPCR, 214 relates it to Titanosauriformes probably a basal brachiosaurid related with the english genus of Kimmeridgian Duriatitan. Therefore MDS-VPCR, 214 is assigned provisionally to aff. Duriatitan.

Resumen

Se estudia un húmero (MDS-VPCR, 214) recuperado en el yacimiento Valdepalazuelos-Tenadas del Carrascal (Burgos, Spain). Geológicamente se sitúa en la base de la Formación Rupelo (Cuenca de Cameros) de edad Titoniense – Berriasiense. Esta formación se interpreta como depósitos lacustres-palustres con márgenes de bajo gradiente y cambios periódicos en el nivel del agua. MDS-VPCR, 214 es grácil y recto, presentando una mayor expansión mediolateral en el extremo proximal respecto al distal. La cresta deltopectoral está bien expandida anteroposteriormente y se extiende hacia la línea media de la diáfisis. La cabeza articular distal presenta en la superficie anterior los cóndilos radial y ulnar, de desarrollo semejante, y que dejan entre ellos un estrecho surco. La superficie articular distal no está dividida entre los cóndilos ulnar y radial; esta superficie se extiende hacia las superficies anterior y posterior del húmero. MDS-VPCR, 214 presenta diferencias morfológicas significativas con los húmeros de los saurópodos ibéricos del tránsito Jurásico – Cretácico como son los turiasaurianos Losillasaurus, Zby y Turiasaurus, los macronarios basales Lourinhasaurus y Aragosaurus y los Titanosauriformes Lusotitan y Galvesaurus. Un análisis filogenético del MDS-VPCR, 214 lo relaciona con Titanosauriformes, probablemente un braquiosáurido basal afín a Duriatitan, un género inglés del Kimmeridgiense. Por esta razón, MDS-VPCR, 214 se asigna provisionalmente a aff. Duriatitan.

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Acknowledgements

The excavations at the site of Valdepalazuelos-Tenadas del Carrascal were financed by the Diputación de Burgos, with the collaboration of the Council of Torrelara and Fundación para el estudio de los Dinosaurios en Castilla y León. Special gratitude goes to the owners of the private land where the site is located, who made it possible to carry out all the work at the site, as well as for the Council of Quintanalara and the Asociación para el desarrollo de Tierra de Lara. The people who took part in the excavation did so voluntarily. Caterine Arias Riesgo, curator of the Museo de Dinosaurios de Salas de los Infantes, prepared and consolidated the humerus. The comments made by P. Mocho and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. This study was subsidized in part by Project CGL2017-85038-P of the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad-ERDF, as well as by the Aragón Regional Government (“grupo de Referencia Aragosaurus: reconstrucciones paleoambientales y recursos geológicos”).

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  1. Museo de Dinosaurios de Salas de los Infantes and Colectivo Arqueológico-Paleontológico Salense (CAS), Plaza Jesús Aparicio 9, 09600, Salas de los Infantes, Burgos, Spain

    F. Torcida Fernández-Baldor & P. Huerta

  2. Grupo Aragosaurus-IUCA, Paleontologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

    J. I. Canudo

  3. Departamento de Geología, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Ávila, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

    P. Huerta

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  1. F. Torcida Fernández-Baldor
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Torcida Fernández-Baldor, F., Canudo, J.I. & Huerta, P. New data on sauropod palaeobiodiversity at the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition of Spain (Burgos). J Iber Geol 46, 351–362 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41513-020-00145-w

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