Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Microstructure Evolution during Hot Working of Nb-10Hf-1Ti Refractory Alloy

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Transactions of the Indian National Academy of Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Microstructure evolution during hot working of Nb-10Hf-1Ti (C-103) alloy has been studied at various temperatures (1273–1473 K) and strain rates (0.01–10 s−1) using a Gleeble™ thermo-mechanical simulator. Flow behavior of the material has been analyzed, processing maps were generated and correlated with the microstructures. Flow stress variation with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate has been very minimal except in the higher temperature and lower strain rate regime. Enrichment of Hf, C and N was observed at the second phase particle- grain boundary interface in samples deformed at lower strain rate and high temperature. Presence of Hf(C,N) was confirmed through SEM–EDS and these second phase particles may result in high resistance to deformation at this regime depending on their size and distribution. Lower temperature working in combination with static recrystallization or higher temperature working with inherent dynamic recrystallization can be employed for deformation. Strain rate of 0.1–0.01 s−1 and temperature range of 1373–1473 K is identified as a safe working zone for this alloy under a protective atmosphere.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

Code availability

The code used for development of processing maps is written in MATLAB and is available with one of the co-authors.

References

  • Anilkumar V, Gupta RK, Narayana Murty SVS, Prasad AD (2016) Hot workability and microstructure control in Co20Cr15W10Ni cobalt-based superalloy. J Alloys Compds 676:527–541

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Behra AN, Chaudhuri A, Kapoor R, Chakravartty JK, Suwas S (2016) High temperature deformation behavior of Nb–1 wt.% Zr alloy. Mater Des 92:750–759

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Behera AN, Kapoor R, Sarkar A, Chakravartty JK (2014) Hot deformation behaviour of niobium in temperature range 700–1500 °C. Mater Sci Tech 30:637–644

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Favre J, Koizumi Y, Chiba A, Fabregue D, Maire E (2013) Deformation behavior and dynamic recrystallization of biomedical Co-Cr-W-Ni (L-605) alloy. Metal Mater Trans A 44:2819–2829

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frank RG (1968) Recent advances in Nb alloys, refractory metal alloys. Plenum Press, New York, pp 325–365

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Guo XP, Gao LM, Guan P, Kusabiraki K, Heng Zhi Fu (2017) Microstructure and mechanical properties of an advanced niobium based ultrahigh temperature alloy. Mater Sci Forum 539–543:3690–3695

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta RK, Anil Kumar V, Karthikeyan MK, Ramkumar P, Ramesh Narayanan P, Sinha PP (2010) Investigation of cracks generated in columbium alloy (C-103) sheets during deep drawing operation. J Fail Analysis Prevent 10–3:228–232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta RK, Narayana Murty SVS, Pant B, Agarwala V, Sinha PP (2012) Hot workability of γ+ α2 titanium aluminide: Development of processing map and constitutive equations. Mater Sci Eng A 551:169–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ji GL, Li FG, Li QH, Li HQ, Li Z (2011) A comparative study on Arrhenius-type constitutive model and artificial neural network model to predict high-temperature deformation behaviour in Aermet100 steel. Mater Sci Eng A 528:4774–4782

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kapoor R, Behera AN, Sarkar A, Chakravartty JK (2014) Hot deformation behaviour of niobium in temperature range 700–1500 °C. Mater Sci Tech 30:637–644

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein MJ, Gulden ME (1973) The activation energy for creep of columbium (Niobium). Met Mater Trans A 4:2175–2180

    Google Scholar 

  • Miura S, Murasato Y, Sekito Y, Tsutsumi Y, Ohkubo K, Kimura Y, Mishima Y, Mohri T (2009) Effect of microstructure on the high-temperature deformation behavior of Nb–Si alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 510–511:317–321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narayana Murty SVS, Sarma M, Nageswara Rao B (1997) On the evaluation of efficiency parameters in processing maps. Met Mater Trans A 28:1581–1582

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narayana Murty SVS, Nageswara Rao B (1998) On the development of instability criteria during hot working with reference to IN 718. Mater Sci Eng A 254:76–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narayana Murty SVS, Nageswara Rao B, Kashyap BP (2000) Instability criteria for hot deformation of materials. Int Mater Rev 45:15–26

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nasser SN, Guo W (2000) Flow stress of commercially pure niobium over a broad range of temperatures and strain rates. Mater Sci Eng A 284:202–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Panwar SS, Prasad K, Patro TU, Balasubramanian K, Venkataraman B (2015) On the occurrence of dynamic strain aging in C-103 Nb based alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 620:286–292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Philips NR, Carl M, Cunningham NJ (2020) new opportunities in refractory alloys. Met Mater Trans A 51:3299–3310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prasad YVRK, Gegel HL, Doraive-Lu SM, Malas JC, Morgan JT, Lark KA, Barker DR (1984) Modeling of dynamic material behavior in hot deformation: forging of Ti-6242. Met Mater Trans A 15:1883–1892

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prasad YVRK, Seshacharyulu T (1998) Modelling of hot deformation for microstructural control. Int Mater Rev 43:243–258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sarkar A, Kapoor R, Verma A, Chakravartty JK, Suri AK (2012) Hot deformation behavior of Nb–1Zr–0.1C alloy in the temperature range 700–1700 °C. J Nuc Mater 422:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sheftel EN, Bannykh OA (1994) Niobium—base alloys. Int J Refractory Hard Mater 12:303–314

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler H (1963) In “Progress in Solid Mechanics,” vol 4. Wiley, New York, p 93

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuyok VA, Krasnorutskyy VS, Chernyayeva TP, Tretyakov MV, Rud RO (2020) Influence of structure of hafnium rods on their mechanical properties, corrosion and radiation resistances. Prog Phy Met 21–1:46–71

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to DD, MME for valuable suggestions during this work and Director, VSSC for granting permission to publish this work. The authors are also thankful to MCD, VSSC and HWMD, VSSC for microscopy support; SAIL-RDCIS, Ranchi for Gleeble facility support and National facility for Texture and OIM, IIT Bombay for EBSD support.

Funding

This work did not receive any funding from any external funding agency.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Materials and Mechanical Entity, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Trivandrum, India, 695022

    R. K. Gupta, V. Anil Kumar, T. Venkateshwaran & S. V. S. Narayana Murty

Authors
  1. R. K. Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V. Anil Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. Venkateshwaran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. V. S. Narayana Murty
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. Anil Kumar.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors do not have any conflict/ competing interests with anyone/ any groups.

Availability of data and material

The data are a part of continuing research and hence cannot be shared at this point of time.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gupta, R.K., Kumar, V.A., Venkateshwaran, T. et al. Microstructure Evolution during Hot Working of Nb-10Hf-1Ti Refractory Alloy. Trans Indian Natl. Acad. Eng. 6, 111–121 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41403-020-00194-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41403-020-00194-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation