Abstract
Compounds obtained from plant material may be effective against different groups of pests and can be used in plant protection. Their use in agriculture is in line with the principles of integrated pest management. The rules of integrated pest management adopted in the European Union encourage use biological rather than chemical means of protection if they provide satisfactory pest control. The paper presents the rules of registration of botanicals for use in plant protection in the European Union. The special focus is on the issues that in particular may apply to the market placement of botanicals. The rules governing registration of basic substances, low-risk active substances, plant protection products, as well as the system of qualification of plant protection products for use in organic farming are described. The legal acts and guidelines most relevant to the topic are available in the list of references.
Similar content being viewed by others
Change history
10 April 2023
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-023-00740-w
References
EPA 2022 Slowing and Combating Pest Resistance to Pesticides https://www.epa.gov/pesticide-registration/slowing-and-combating-pest-resistance-pesticides Accessed 28 December 2022
European Commission (2009) Regulation 1107/2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market and repealing Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EEC Off J Eur Union L 309/1
European Commission (2019) Communication From The Commission The European Green Deal Document COM/2019/640 final
European Commission (2020) Report on the experience gained by Member States on the implementation of national targets established in their National Action Plans and on progress in the implementation of Directive 2009/128/EC on the sustainable use of pesticides https://food.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2020-05/pesticides_sud_report-act_2020_en.pdf
European Commission (2021) Regulation 2021/1165 of 15 July 2021 authorising certain products and substances for use in organic production and establishing their lists C/2021/5149
EU Pesticides Database https://food.ec.europa.eu/plants/pesticides/eu-pesticides-database_en Accessed 28 December 2022
Feldmann F, Jehle J, Bradáčová K, Weinmann M (2022) Biostimulants, soil improvers, bioprotectants: promoters of bio-intensification in plant production. J Plant Dis Prot 129:707–713. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-022-00567-x
Łącka I, Brzezicki L (2022) Joint analysis of national eco-efficiency, eco-innovation and SDGS in Europe: DEA approach. Technol Econ Dev Econ 28(6):1739–1767. https://doi.org/10.3846/tede.2022.17702
Lengai G, Muthomi J, Mbega E (2020) Phytochemical activity and role of botanical pesticides in pest management for sustainable agricultural crop production. Sci Afr 7:e00239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00239
Marchand PA (2015) Basic substances: an approval opportunity for low concern natural products under EU pesticide regulation. Pest Manag Sci 71:1197–1200
Marchand PA (2023) Evolution of plant protection active substances in Europe: the disappearance of chemicals in favour of biocontrol agents. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24057-7
Matyjaszczyk E (2013) Plant protection in Poland on the eve of obligatory integrated pest management implementation. Pest Manag Sci 69:991–995. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3578
Matyjaszczyk E (2018) Plant protection means used in organic farming throughout the European Union. Pest Manag Sci 74:505–510. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4789
Matyjaszczyk E (2019) Problems of implementing compulsory integrated pest management. Pest Manag Sci 75:2063–2067. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5357
Matyjaszczyk E, Karmilowicz E, Skrzecz I (2019) How European Union accession and implementation of obligatory integrated pest management influenced forest protection against harmful insects: a case study from Poland. For Ecol Manag 433:146–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.001
OECD (2009) Guidance document on defining minor uses of pesticides. OECD Environment, Health and Safety Publications Series on Pesticides No. 49, Paris https://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=env/jm/mono(2009)39&doclanguage=en
OECD (2017) Guidance document on botanical active substances used in plant protection products OECD series on pesticides No. 90, Paris https://www.oecd.org/chemicalsafety/guidance-document-on-botanical-active-substances-used-in-plant-protection-products-31f295f3-en.htm
Pandey AK, Silva AS, Varshne R, Chávez-González ML, Singh P (2021) Curcuma-based botanicals as crop protectors: From knowledge to application in food crops. Curr Res Biotechnol 3:235–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crbiot.2021.07.004
Parliament E (2009) Directive 2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for community action to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides. Off J Eur Union L 309:11
Romanazzi G, Orçonneau Y, Moumni M, Davillerd Y (2022) Marchand PA (2022) basicsubstances, a sustainable tool to complement and eventually replace synthetic pesticides in the management of pre and postharvest diseases. Molecules 27(11):3484. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113484
Rys M, Miastkowska M, Sikora E, Łętocha A, Krajewska A, Synowiec A (2022) Bio-herbicidal potential of nanoemulsions with peppermint oil on barnyard grass and maize. Molecules 27:3480. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27113480
SANCO (2021) Working Document on the procedure for application of basic substances to be approved in compliance with article 23 of Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 SANCO/10363/2012 rev.10 https://food.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2021-06/pesticides_ppp_app-proc_guide_doss_swd-10363-2012.pdf
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
The original online version of this article was revised due to incorrect author’s given name and family name.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Matyjaszczyk, E. Legislative situation of botanicals used in plant protection in the European Union. J Plant Dis Prot 130, 443–447 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-023-00724-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-023-00724-w