Skip to main content
Log in

The Effects of Body Image and SNS Body Image on SNS Photo-Editing Tendency

  • Published:
Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study examined the effects of perceived body image and social networking site (SNS) body image of college students on their photo-editing tendency on social media and whether this effect is mediated by interpersonal relations orientation and a preference for online social interactions. A total of 358 college students (Mage = 21.9, SD = 2.19) were recruited in South Korea to do the online survey on demographic characteristics, social media usage with respect to photo-editing behavior, perceived body image in real life and on social media, interpersonal relations orientation, and a preference for online social interactions. Of the participants, 22.3% identified as males and 77.7% as female. The results from structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis indicated that perceived body image of college students and SNS body image predicted photo-editing tendency. It was also found that interpersonal orientation mediated how body image of college students affects their photo-editing tendency. College students with a higher level of consciousness of SNS body image are inclined to present a higher level of a preference for online social interactions, resulting in increased photo-editing tendency and more frequent posting on social media. Implications and directions for future study are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The author confirms that all data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article. Raw data that support the findings of this study are not openly available to preserve participants’ privacy.

References

  • Ahadzadeh, A. S., Pahlevan Sharif, S., & Ong, F. S. (2017). Self-schema and self-discrepancy mediate the influence of Instagram usage on body image satisfaction among youth. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 8–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.01110.1016/j.chb.2016.11.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bair, C. E., Kelly, N. R., Serdar, K. L., & Mazzeo, S. E. (2012). Does the Internet function like magazines? An exploration of image-focused media, eating pathology, and body dissatisfaction. Eating Behaviors, 13(4), 398–401.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baker, N., Ferszt, G., & Breines, J. G. (2019). A qualitative study exploring female college students’ Instagram use and body image. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 22, 277–282. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2018.0420

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bij de Vaate, A. J. D. N., Veldhuis, J., Alleva, J. M., Konijn, E. J., & van Hugten, C. H. M. (2018). Show your best self(ie): An exploratory study on selfie-related motivations and behavior in emerging adulthood. Telematics and Informatics, 35, 1392–1407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2018.03.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boursier, V., Gioia, F., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Objectified body consciousness, body image control in photos, and problematic social networking: The role of appearance control beliefs. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00147

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Boursier, V., & Manna, V. (2018). Selfie expectancies among adolescents: Construction and validation of an instrument to assess expectancies toward selfies among boys and girls. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 839. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00839

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, J. D. (2007). The self. Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, T., Cash, T., & Mikulka, P. (1990). Attitudinal body-image assessment: Factor analysis of the body-self relations questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 55(1&2), 135–144.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caplan, S. E. (2003). Preference for online social interaction: A theory of problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being. Communication Research, 30(6), 625–648. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650203257842

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caplan, S. E. (2005). A social skill account of problematic Internet use. Journal of Communication, 55(4), 721–736. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2005.tb03019.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caplan, S. E. (2007). Relations among loneliness, social anxiety, and problematic Internet use. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 10(2), 234–242. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2006.9963

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casale, S., & Fioravanti, G. (2017). Shame experiences and problematic social networking sites use: An unexplored association. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 14(1), 44–48.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cash, T. F., & Pruzinsky, T. E. (1990). Body images: Development, deviance, and change. Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chae, J. (2017). Virtual makeover: Selfie-taking and social media use increase selfie-editing frequency through social comparison. Computers in Human Behavior, 66, 370–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.10.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Y. (2019). How does communication anxiety influence well-being? Examining the mediating roles of preference for online social interaction (POSI) and loneliness. International Journal of Communication, 13(19), 4795–4813. Retrieved from https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/viewFile/9926/2812

    Google Scholar 

  • Chua, T. H. H., & Chang, L. (2016). Follow me and like my beautiful selfies: Singapore teenage girls’ engagement in self-presentation and peer comparison on social media. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 190–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.09.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, R., Newton-John, T., & Slater, A. (2018). ‘Selfie’-objectification: The role of selfies in self-objectification and disordered eating in young women. Computers in Human Behavior, 79, 68–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.027

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook “friends”: Social capital and college students’ use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 12, 1143–1168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira, C., Duarte, C., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Lopes, C. (2018). The need to present a perfect body image: Development of a new measure of perfectionistic self-presentation. Current Psychology, 37, 559–567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9537-9

  • Fioravanti, G., Dèttore, D., & Casale, S. (2012). Adolescent internet addiction: Testing the association between self-esteem, the perception of internet attributes, and preference for online social interactions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 15(6), 6. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2011.0358

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Floyd, N. E. (1988). Interpersonal orientation and living group preferences: A validity check on FIRO-B. Psychological Reports, 62(3), 923–929. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.3.923

  • Gioia, F., & Boursier, V. (2019). Emotion dysregulation and adolescents’ preference for online social interactions: The moderating role of gender. In Psychobit. http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-2524/paper23.pdf

  • Gioia, F., Griffiths, M. D., & Boursier, V. (2020). Adolescents’ body shame and social networking sites: The mediating effect of body image control in photos. Sex Roles. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-020-01142-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gioia, F., Fioravanti, G., Casale, S., & Boursier, V. (2021). The effects of the fear of missing out on people’s social networking sites use during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of online relational closeness and individuals’ online communication attitude. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 146. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.620442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grogan, S. (2008). Body image: Understanding body dissatisfaction in men, women and children. Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective (Vol. 7). Prentice-Hall.

  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Partial, conditional, and moderated moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation. Communication Monographs, 85(1), 4–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2017.1352100

  • Holland, G., & Tiggemann, M. (2016). A systematic review of the impact of the use of social networking sites on body image and disordered eating outcomes. Body Image, 17, 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.02.008

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118

  • Hum, N. J., Chamberlin, P. E., Hambright, B. L., Portwood, A. C., Schat, A. C., & Bevan, J. L. (2011). A picture is worth a thousand words: A content analysis of Facebook profile photographs. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(5), 1828–1833.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, H.-K., & Davis, K. E. (2009). Toward a comprehensive theory of problematic Internet use: Evaluating the role of self-esteem, anxiety, flow, and the self-rated importance of Internet activities. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 490–500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2008.11.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J. W., & Chock, T. M. (2015). Body image 2.0: Associations between social grooming on Facebook and body image concerns. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 331–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lamp, S. J., Cugle, A., Silverman, A. L., Thomas, M. T., Liss, M., & Erchull, M. J. (2019). Picture perfect: The relationship between selfie behaviors, self-objectification, and depressive symptoms. Sex Roles, 81, 704–712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-019-01025-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, B. Y. (2000). Analysis of professional self-efficacy, gender role identity, and thought patterns according to major and occupational choices of college students [Unpublished manuscript]. Sungkyunkwan University.

  • Lee, G. H. (2011). The effect of depression and self-efficacy on interpersonal tendency in college students: Analysis of mediating effects of appearance satisfaction [Unpublished manuscript]. Hanseo University.

  • Lee, S. Y. (2017). A study on Facebook photo upload types according to sociocultural attitudes toward body recognition and appearance of college students [Unpublished manuscript]. Yonsei University.

  • Lee, B. W., & Stapinski, L. A. (2012). Seeking safety on the internet: Relationship between social anxiety and problematic internet use. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(1), 197–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.11.001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lei, M., & Lomax, R. G. (2005). The effect of varying degrees of nonnormality in structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 12(1), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1201_1

  • Lonergan, A. R., Bussey, K., Mond, J., Brown, O., Griffiths, S., Murray, S. B., & Mitchison, D. (2019). Me, my selfie, and I: The relationship between editing and posting selfies and body dissatisfaction in men and women. Body Image, 28, 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mallinckrodt, B., Abraham, W. T., Wei, M., & Russell, D. W. (2006). Advances in testing the statistical significance of mediation effects. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(3), 372–378. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.53.3.372

  • Manago, A. M., Graham, M. B., Greenfield, P. M., & Salimkhan, G. (2008). Self-presentation and gender on MySpace. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 29, 446–458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2008.07.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mazer, J. P., & Ledbetter, A. M. (2012). Online communication attitudes as predictors of problematic Internet use and well-being outcomes. Southern Communication Journal, 77(5), 403–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/1041794X.2012.686558

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGee, B. J., Hewitt, P. L., Sherry, S. B., Parkin, M., & Flett, G. L. (2005). Perfectionistic self-presentation, body image, and eating disorder symptoms. Body Image, 2, 29–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2005.01.002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McKenna, K. Y., Green, A. S., & Gleason, M. E. (2002). Relationship formation on the Internet: What’s the big attraction? Journal of Social Issues, 58(1), 9–31. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4560.00246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLean, S. A., Paxton, S. J., Wertheim, E. H., & Masters, J. (2015). Photoshopping the selfie: Self photo editing and photo investment are associated with body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 48, 1132–1140. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22449

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meier, E. P., & Gray, J. (2014). Facebook photo activity associated with body image disturbance in adolescent girls. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(4), 199–206.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Michikyan, M., Dennis, J., & Subrahmanyam, K. (2014). Can you guess who I am? real, ideal, and false self-presentation on Facebook among emerging adults. Emerging Adulthood, 3(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968145324

  • Mingoia, J., Hutchinson, A. D., Wilson, C., & Gleaves, D. H. (2017). The relationship between social networking site use and the internalization of a thin ideal in females: A meta-analytic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1351. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01351

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nesi, J., Choukas-Bradley, S., & Prinstein, M. J. (2018). Transformation of adolescent peer relations in the social media context: Part 1—A theoretical framework and application to dyadic peer relationships. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 21(3), 267–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-018-0261-x

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Odgers, C. L., & Jensen, M. R. (2020). Annual research review: Adolescent mental health in the digital age: Facts, fears, and future directions. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61(3), 336–348. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13190

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schutz, W. (1958). FIRO: A three dimensional theory of interpersonal behaviour. Oxford.

  • Schutz, W. C. (1966). FIRO: The interpersonal underworld. Science and Behavior Books.

  • Shin, M. (2015). Validation of a structural model for college students' SNS addiction tendency: Focusing on psychological and social variables, preference for online interaction, and motives for SNS use [Unpublished manuscript]. Incheon University.

  • Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7(4), 422–445. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422

  • Smith, J. L., & Ruiz, J. M. (2007). Interpersonal orientation in context: Correlates and effects of interpersonal complementarity on subjective and cardiovascular experiences. Journal of Personality, 75(4), 679–708.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swap, W. C., & Rubin, J. Z. (1983). Measurement of interpersonal orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1), 208–219.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tiggemann, M., Anderberg, I., & Brown, Z. (2020). Uploading your best self: Selfie editing and body dissatisfaction. Body Image, 33, 175–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.03.002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tiggemann, M., & Slater, A. (2014). Nettweens: The Internet and body image concerns in preteenage girls. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 34, 606–620. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431613501083

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yeom, D. (2003). A study on interpersonal relationship maintenance through instant messengers [Unpublished manuscript]. Sogang University.

Download references

Funding

This work was supported by the Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Research Fund.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design, specifically the first author for material preparation, data collection, formal analysis, and writing of original draft; the second author for material preparation, writing of original draft, writing (review and editing of the manuscript); and the third author for writing of original draft, writing (review and editing of the manuscript), supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ji-Yeon Lee.

Ethics declarations

Consent to Participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Consent for Publication

Patients signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.

Competing Interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cheon, J., Chae, L.D. & Lee, JY. The Effects of Body Image and SNS Body Image on SNS Photo-Editing Tendency. J. technol. behav. sci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-024-00405-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-024-00405-x

Keywords

Navigation