Abstract
A new empirical model for the prediction of bond strength between corrosion-cracked concrete and FRP sheets is proposed in this work. The model considers the impact of concrete-cracking level as well as the geometric characteristics of FRP sheets. Experimental data (from tests on reinforced concrete blocks underwent varying corrosion levels before attached to carbon FRP (CFRP) sheets at variable bond lengths and widths) is employed in the empirical modeling. Corrosion-induced cracks at widths of about 0.2–0.9 mm lead to reductions in bond strength and slippage at failure at ranges of 25–44% and 18–68%, respectively. The developed statistical model captures the correct trend for bond stress–slip relationship and precisely predicts bond characteristics between corroding concrete and CFRP sheets in terms of key parameters. The degradation parameters (incorporated in this model) confirmed those provided by the ACI committee 440 at ranges of 0.66–0.86 for bond strength and 0.63–0.89 for slip at ultimate bond stress. The prediction accuracy of the present model of published data shows the highest when compared with that of well-known published models.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Neville AM (1995) Properties of concrete, 4th and final edition. Addison Wesley Longman Limited, New York
Sun J, Huang Q, Ren Y (2015) Performance deterioration of corroded RC beams and reinforcing bars under repeated loading. Constr Build Mater 96:404–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.066
Almassri B, Kreit A, Mahmoud FA, Francois R (2015) Behaviour of corroded shear-critical reinforced concrete beams repaired with NSM CFRP rods. Compos Struct 123:204–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.12.043
Azam R, Soudki K (2012) Structural performance of shear-critical RC deep beams with corroded longitudinal steel reinforcement. Cem Concr Compos 34:946–957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.05.003
Torres LI, Lopez-Almansa F, Bozzo LM (2004) Tension-stiffening model for cracked flexural concrete members. J Struct Eng. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:8(1242)
Ng PL, Barros JA, Kaklauskas G, Lam JWK (2020) Deformation analysis of fibre-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete beams. Compos Struct 234(15):111664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111664
Bohara RP, Tanapornraweekit G, Tangtermsirikul S (2019) An experimental study on mechanical properties and cracking behaviors of AFRC used as functional material in hybrid beams. Int J Civ Eng 17:1433–1444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-019-00404-7
Van Cao V, Pham SQ (2019) Comparison of CFRP and GFRP wraps on reducing seismic damage of deficient reinforced concrete structures. Int J Civ Eng 17:1667–1681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-019-00429-y
Haddad RH, Shannag MJ, Moh’d A (2007) Repair of heat-damaged RC shallow beams using advanced composites. Mater Struct 41(2):287–299. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-007-9238-9
Haddad RH, Shannag MJ, Al-Hambouth MT (2008) Repair of reinforced concrete beams damaged by alkali-silica reaction. ACI Struct J 105(2):145. https://doi.org/10.14359/19729
Haddad RH (2019) An anchorage system for enhanced bond behavior between carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheets and cracked concrete. Latin Ame J Solids Struct 16(8):1–16. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-78255708
Haddad RH, Al-Rousan RZ (2016) An anchorage system for CFRP strips bonded to thermally shocked concrete. Int J Adhes 71:10–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2016.08.003
Haddad RH, Al-Rousan R, Ghanma L, Nimri Z (2015) Modifying CFRP–concrete bond characteristics from pull-out testing. Mag Concr Res 67:707–717. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.14.00271
Al-Rousan R, Haddad R, Al-Sa’Di K (2013) Effect of sulfates on bond behavior between carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheets and concrete. Mater Des 43:237–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.07.018
Biscaia HC, Silva MAG, Chastre C (2014) Factors influencing the performance of externally bonded reinforcement systems of GFRP-to-concrete interfaces. Mater Struct 48:2961–2981. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0370-z
Biscaia HC, Silva MA, Chastre C (2014) An experimental study of GFRP-to-concrete interfaces submitted to humidity cycles. Compos Struct 110:354–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.12.014
Neubauer U, Rostasy FS (1999) Bond failure of concrete reinforced polymers plates at inclined cracks-experiments and fracture mechanics model. In: Dolan CW, Rizkalla SH, Nanni A (eds) Proceedings of the Fourth International symposium on fiber reinforced polymer reinforcement for reinforced concrete structures, Biltmore, USA, ACI SP-188; vol 37, no 1, pp 369–382
Nakaba K, Kanakubo T, Furuta T, Yoshizawa H (2001) Bond behavior between fiber-reinforced polymer laminates and concrete. ACI Struct J. https://doi.org/10.14359/1022
Chen JF, Teng JG (2001) Anchorage strength models for FRP and steel plates bonded to concrete. J Struct Eng 127(7):784–791. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2001)127:7(784)
Monti M, Renzelli M, Luciani P (2003) FRP adhesion in uncracked and cracked concrete zones. In: Tan KH (ed) Proceedings of 6th international symposium on FRP reinforcement for concrete structures (FRPRCS–6), vol 25, no 1. World Scientific publication, Singapore, pp 183–192. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812704863_0015
Savioa M, Farracuti B, Mazzotti D (2003) Non-linear bond–slip law for FRP concrete interface. In: Tan KH (ed) Proceedings of 6th international symposium on FRP reinforcement for concrete structures (FRPRCS–6), vol 25. World Scientific Publications, Singapore, pp 163–172. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789812704863_0013
Dai J, Ueda T, Sato Y (2005) Development of the nonlinear bond stress–slip model of fiber reinforced plastics sheet–concrete interfaces with a simple method. J Compos Constr 9:52–62. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(2005)9:1(52)
Lu X, Teng J, Ye L, Jiang J (2005) Bond–slip models for FRP sheets/plates bonded to concrete. Eng Struct 27:920–937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.01.014
Wu Y, Zhou Z, Yang Q, Chen W (2010) On shear bond strength of FRP-concrete structures. Eng Struct 32:897–905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.12.017
Pan J, Wu Y-F (2014) Analytical modeling of bond behavior between FRP plate and concrete. Compos B Eng 61:17–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2014.01.026
Dong K, Hu K (2016) Development of bond strength model for CFRP-to-concrete joints at high temperatures. Compos B Eng 95:264–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.03.088
Ghorbani M, Mostofinejad D, Hosseini A (2017) Experimental investigation into bond behavior of FRP-to-concrete under mixed-mode I/II loading. Constr Build Mater 132:303–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.11.057
Haddad RH, Al-Rousan R, Almasry A (2013) Bond–slip behavior between carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheets and heat-damaged concrete. Compos B Eng 45(1):1049–1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.09.010
ACI Committee 440 (2008) Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures (440.2R-08). American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, p 76
Haddad RH, Al Dalou AA (2017) Experimental study on bond behavior between corrosion-cracked reinforced concrete and CFRP sheets. J Adhes Sci Technol 32(6):590–608. https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2017.1371912
ACI Manual of Concrete Practice (2008) Standard practice for selecting proportions for normal, heavyweight, and mass concrete (ACI 211.1). Part I: materials and general properties of concrete, p 92
ASTM International (2004) American society for testing and materials international (ASTM). ASTM International, West Conshohocken
Erdoğdu Ş, Bremner T, Kondratova I (2001) Accelerated testing of plain and epoxy-coated reinforcement in simulated seawater and chloride solutions. Cem Concr Res 31:861–867. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0008-8846(01)00487-2
Subramaniam KVL, Ghosn M, Ali-Ahmad M (2016) Influence of variation in the local interface fracture properties on shear debonding of CFRP composite from concrete. J Adhes Sci Technol 31:2202–2218. https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2016.1261505
Subramaniam KV, Carloni C, Nobile L (2007) Width effect in the interface fracture during shear debonding of FRP sheets from concrete. Eng Fract Mech 74:578–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2006.09.002
Al-Rousan R, Haddad R, Al-Halboni A (2015) Bond–slip behavior between self-compacting concrete and carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer sheets. Mag Concr Res 67(2):89–103. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.14.00150
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the technical and financial support provided by the research deanship at Jordan University of Science and Technology (project number 172/2015) (Grant no. 127/2015) and the assistant by the technicians at the structural and materials laboratory at the Department of Civil Engineering.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Haddad, R.H., Dalou, A.A. Modeling Bond Between Corrosion-Cracked Concrete and Composite Sheets. Int J Civ Eng 18, 1395–1409 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-020-00541-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-020-00541-4