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Scrutinization of Flow in the Immediate Vicinity of a Brink in a Tilting Flume

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Abstract

The flow characteristics of the subcritical and supercritical flows over an unconfined free overfall in a rectangular channel are presented with experimental data available in the literature. The experimental observations cover a wide range of flow rate on mild, steep and adverse slopes. The dependence of the ratio of the brink depth to the critical depth according to several flow parameters is examined. The relation between the flow rate and the brink depth ratio is both explicitly and implicitly demonstrated. The location of the critical depth for subcritical flows upstream of the brink is also investigated. It is concluded that the location of the critical depth for subcritical flows depends on the Froude number, the channel bed slope and the Manning roughness coefficient. Furthermore, it is observed that there is a significant similarity of the water surface profiles in the immediate upstream vicinity of the brink of the subcritical and supercritical flows.

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Abbreviations

a u :

Unit conversion factor

b :

Width of the channel

Fr:

Froude number

g :

Acceleration due to gravity

k s :

Nikuradse’s sand roughness

l p :

Critical depth distance from the brink in subcritical flow condition

L :

Length dimension

M :

Mass dimension

n :

Manning’s roughness coefficient

R :

Reynolds’s number

R h :

Hydraulic radius

S c :

Critical bed slope

S o :

Bed slope

q :

Discharge per unit width

r 2 :

Correlation coefficient

RMS:

Root mean square error

T :

Time dimension

X :

Dimensionless horizontal length

x :

Coordinate points of water surface in horizontal

Y :

Dimensionless vertical length

y :

Coordinate points of water surface in vertical

y c :

Critical depth

y e :

Brink depth

y o :

Upstream normal depth

y p :

The length of the profile at the immediate vicinity of the brink

ρ :

The density of the fluid

Ф :

Dimensionless parameter

μ :

Viscosity

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Civil Engineering Department, Hydraulic Division, Batman University, 72100, Batman, Turkey

    Şahnaz Tiğrek

  2. Civil Engineering Department, Hydraulic Division, Konya Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey

    Ş. Yurdagül Kumcu

  3. Civil Engineering Department, İstanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey

    A. Metin Ger

Authors
  1. Şahnaz Tiğrek
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  2. Ş. Yurdagül Kumcu
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  3. A. Metin Ger
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Correspondence to Şahnaz Tiğrek.

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Tiğrek, Ş., Kumcu, Ş.Y. & Ger, A.M. Scrutinization of Flow in the Immediate Vicinity of a Brink in a Tilting Flume. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Civ Eng 41, 213–220 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-017-0053-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40996-017-0053-4

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