Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Applications of the Gray Degree-Based Factor Analysis on Cloud Image to Improve the Accuracy of Weather Recognition

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, the degree of grayness of images of various types of cloud, collected from the Kunming Province (China) area, was statistically analyzed as part of a new weather recognition method to recognize weather patterns more accurately. The results reveal that the differences of the results of gray degree-based factor analysis vary remarkably with weather conditions. The image factor is the main factor in recognition, and the statistical factor is the reference factor. The recognition accurate level can be improved by up to 95.3% using the proposed approach. The proposed gray degree-based method outperforms wild line spread function and outdoor images support vector machine methods. The gray-scale method is easier to implement, timely, reliable, and accurate.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. The data are collected under a commissioned research project from Chinese Military; therefore, the dataset is not publicly available. However, it can be made available to other researchers in the field for benchmarking research, please contact the corresponding authors.

References

  • Abdi H, Williams LJ (2010) Principal component analysis. Wiley Interdiscip Rev 2:433–459

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abdi H, Williams LJ, Valentin D, Bennani-Dosse M (2012) STATIS and DISTATIS: optimum multitable principal component analysis and three-way metric multidimensional scaling. Wiley Interdiscip Rev 4:124–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aublant S, Choi A, Krishnasamy S, Smith M (2002) Method and system for automated annotation and retrieval of remote digital content. US patent 20040126038A1

  • Candès EJ, Li X, Ma Y, Wright J (2011) Robust principal component analysis. J ACM 58:11

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Dev S, Lee YH, Winkler S (2017) Color-based segmentation of sky/cloud images from ground-based cameras. IEEE J Sel Top Appl Earth Observ Remote Sens 10:231–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heinle A, Macke A, Srivastav A (2010) Automatic cloud classification of whole sky images. Atmos Meas Tech 3:557–567

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jiao M, Gong J, Zhou B (2006) Weather forecast business technology. J Appl Meteorol 10:594–601

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser HF (1960) The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educ Psychol Meas 20:141–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Zheng C, Wang X (2009) Digital image based weather system recognition. J Fujian Norm Univ (Nat Sci Ed) 25:24–27 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Li Q, Lu W, Yang J (2011a) A hybrid thresholding algorithm for cloud detection on ground-based color images. J Atmos Ocean Technol 28:1286–1296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Q, Fan Y, Zhang J, Li B (2011b) Method of weather recognition based on decision tree-based SVM. J Comput Appl 31:1624–1627 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Maldonado-Bascon S, Lafuente-Arroyo S, Gil-Jimenez P, Gomez-Moreno H, Lopez-Ferreras F (2007) Road-sign detection and recognition based on support vector machines. IEEE Trans Intell Transp Syst 8:264–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meehl GA, Covey C, Taylor KE, Delworth T, Stouffer RJ, Latif M, McAvaney B, Mitchell JFB (2007) The WCRP CMIP3 multimodel dataset: a new era in climate change research. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 88:1383–1394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narasimham SG, Nayar SK (2002) Vision and the atmosphere. Int J Comput Vision 48:233–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narasimham SG, Nayar SK (2003) Contrast restoration of weather degraded images. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 25:713–724

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narasimhan SG, Nayar SK (2001) Removing weather effects from monochrome images. In: Proceeding of IEEE conference computer vision and pattern recognition, pp 186–193

  • Narayanaswami C, Kirkpatrick ES (2003) System and methods for querying digital image archives using recorded parameters. US patent 20036504571B1

  • Raleigh C, Urdal H (2007) Climate change, environmental degradation and armed conflict. Polit Geogr 26:674–694

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romero J, Luzón-González R, Nieves JL, Hernández-Andrés J (2011) Color changes in objects in natural scenes as a function of observation distance and weather conditions. Appl Opt 50:112–120

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roser M, Moosmann F (2008) Classification of weather situations on single color images. In: IEEE intelligent vehicles symposium. IEEE Computer Society Press, Eindhoven, pp 798–803

  • Shen L, Tan P (2009) Photometric stereo and weather estimation using internet images. In: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. IEEE Computer Society Press, San Francisco, pp. 1850–1857

  • Snavely N, Seitz SM, Szeliski R (2008) Modeling the world from internet photo collections. Int J Comput Vision 80:189–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Song X, Yang L (2011) The weather phenomena identification based on image degradation model. J Chengdu Univ Inf Technol 26:132–136 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tolmasky C, Hindanov D (2002) Principal components analysis for correlated curves and seasonal commodities: the case of the petroleum markets. J Futures Markets 22:1019–1035

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warne RT, Larsen R (2014) Evaluating a proposed modification of the Guttman rule for determining the number of factors in an exploratory factor analysis. Psychol Test Assess Model 56:104–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Weger E (1960) Apparent sky temperatures in the microwave region. J Meteorol 17:159–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wei C-H, Li Y, Chau W-Y, Li C-T (2009) Trademark image retrieval using synthetic features for describing global shape and interior structure. Pattern Recogn 42:386–394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang X, Luo Y, Zheng X (2009) Weather recognition based on images captured by vision system in vehicle. In: Proceeding of the 6th international symposium on neural network: advance in neural networks. Springer, Berlin, pp 390–398

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang L, Dong W, Zhang D, Shi G (2010) Two-stage image denoising by principal component analysis with local pixel grouping. Pattern Recogn 43:1531–1549

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Startup Foundation for Doctors (No. PXY-BSQD-2014001), Educational Commission of Henan Province of China (No. 15A530010), to which the authors are greatly obliged, and Oriental Institute of Technology, Taiwan (No. 105-7-11-106).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wei-Chiang Hong.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Fan, GF., Peng, LL., Hong, WC. et al. Applications of the Gray Degree-Based Factor Analysis on Cloud Image to Improve the Accuracy of Weather Recognition. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Sci 42, 2117–2129 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-017-0449-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40995-017-0449-9

Keywords

Navigation