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Analysis of the effect of surface mechanical attrition treatment on the mechanical properties of 17-4 PH stainless steel obtained by material extrusion

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Abstract

In this study, the influence of the surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) on a 17-4PH stainless steel made by material extrusion additive manufacturing is investigated under mechanical loading. The evolutions of the deformations at the local scale have been performed during in-situ tensile tests up to failure around 4kN. The strain maps are obtained with an original process based on the use of nanogauges displacement from the recorded of scanning electron microscope images. These maps allow to analyze the deformation mechanisms of as-fabricated and mechanically treated samples. The porosities evolutions at the surface are especially investigated for the two types of samples. The crack propagation in the as-fabricated samples is strongly influenced by porosities/defects related to the additive manufacturing process. Moreover, the SMATed samples present slip bands at the surface during the deformation. This deformation mechanism is similar to the one commonly observed in metallic materials obtained with traditional processes. Even if the application of SMAT does not show huge modifications of tensile properties with similar ultimate tensile strength around 650 MPa, it allows to improve the material surface quality by drastically reducing the surface roughness. SMAT treatment also allows a reduction of porosities in few microns from the sample surface. These improvements present a limited impact on tensile properties, but leads to its possible use for industrial applications when applied as an innovative post-treatment on metal part obtained by additive manufacturing.

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Acknowledgements

This study has been supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche and the FEDER (INSOMNIA Project, Contract No. ANR-18-CE09-0003). Financial support of Nano’Mat (www.nanomat.eu) by the “Ministère de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche”, the “Fonds Européen de Développement Régional” (FEDER), the “Région Grand-Est”, and the “Conseil général de l’Aube” are acknowledged. This work has been made within the framework of the Graduate School NANO-PHOT (École Universitaire de Recherche, PIA3, Contract No. ANR-18-EURE-0013). The authors also wish to thank the FabAdd platform of EPF Troyes for the fabrication of the samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Light, Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies, CNRS UMR 7076, University of Technology of Troyes, Troyes, France

    Claire Gong, Abdelhamid Hmima & Thomas Maurer

  2. LMPS–Laboratoire de Mécanique Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    Joseph Marae Djouda

  3. EPF School of Engineering, 55 avenue du Président Wilson, 94 230, Cachan, France

    Joseph Marae Djouda

  4. Centre des Matériaux CNRS UMR 7633, MINES ParisTech, PSL-Research University, Evry, France

    Fabrice Gaslain

  5. Life Assessment of Structures, Materials, Mechanics and Integrated Systems, University of Technology of Troyes, Troyes, France

    Benoît Panicaud

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Appendix

Appendix

See Figs. 17, 18, 19, 20.

Fig. 17
figure 17

a SEM image of the entire NP grating on AF sample 1. b Subgrating 1 SEM image at 1.99%. c Subgrating 2 SEM image at 1.99%. d Associated strain map εxy of subgrating 1. e Associated strain map εxy of subgrating 2

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Fig. 18
figure 18

a SEM image of the entire NP grating on AF sample 1. b Subgrating 1 SEM image at 1.99%. c Subgrating 2 SEM image at 1.99%. d Associated strain map εyy of subgrating 1. e Associated strain map εyy of subgrating 2

Full size image
Fig. 19
figure 19

a SEM image of the entire NP grating on SMATed sample 1. b Subgrating 4 SEM image at 1.65%. c Subgrating 8 SEM image at 1.65%. d Associated strain map εxy of subgrating 4. e Associated strain map εxy of subgrating 8

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Fig. 20
figure 20

a SEM image of the entire NP grating on SMATed sample 1. b Subgrating 4 SEM image at 1.65%. c Subgrating 8 SEM image at 1.65%. d Associated strain map εyy of subgrating 4. e Associated strain map εyy of subgrating 8

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Gong, C., Marae Djouda, J., Hmima, A. et al. Analysis of the effect of surface mechanical attrition treatment on the mechanical properties of 17-4 PH stainless steel obtained by material extrusion. Prog Addit Manuf (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-024-00666-1

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