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Microstructure, Mechanical, and Electrochemical Corrosion Performance of Ti/HA (Hydroxyapatite) Particles Reinforced Mg-3Zn Squeeze Casted Composites

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Abstract

This research presents a novel approach to overcome the stress shielding effect and non-degradability commonly observed in metallic implants, which often require revision surgery. The study introduces a hybrid metal/ceramic (Ti/HA) reinforcement within the Mg-3Zn binary alloy matrix fabricated using the squeeze casting technique. The alloy matrix incorporates 1 wt% Ti and varying weight percentages (0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt%) of hydroxyapatite (HA). Microstructure analysis revealed significant grain refinement in the alloy upon adding the hybrid reinforcement. Phase analysis using XRD confirmed the presence of Mg-Zn intermetallic phases and corresponding reinforcement phases. Vickers microhardness testing demonstrated a 14.4% (89 HV) increase in hardness for the hybrid composite with 1Ti/1.5HA compared to the unreinforced alloy and other composites. Compressive testing revealed enhanced mechanical properties in the hybrid composites. The 1Ti/1.5 HA hybrid composite displayed a 12% (121 MPa) increase in compressive yield strength (CYS) compared to the alloy, while the 1Ti/1HA hybrid composite exhibited an impressive 22.5% (217 MPa) increment in compressive strength. Corrosion performance evaluation in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) environment indicated that the 1Ti/1.5 HA hybrid composites demonstrated comparable corrosion performance to the unreinforced alloy, with a corrosion density of 4.53 × 10−5 μA/cm2 and a linear polarization resistance of 893 ohms. Based on the findings, the Mg-3Zn alloy with 1Ti/1.5 HA hybrid reinforcement emerges as a promising material for load-bearing biodegradable implants.

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Acknowledgment

Authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Manufacturing Engineering, FEAT, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, for providing facilities to carry over this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, 608002, India

    P. Vignesh & S. Ramanathan

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Bargur, Tamil Nadu, 635104, India

    M. Ashokkumar

  3. Department of Welding Engineering, Institution of Engineering and Technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia

    Tushar Sonar

  4. Srinivasa Subbaraya Government Polytechnic College, Puthur, Tamil Nadu, 609108, India

    V. Ananthi

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Vignesh, P., Ramanathan, S., Ashokkumar, M. et al. Microstructure, Mechanical, and Electrochemical Corrosion Performance of Ti/HA (Hydroxyapatite) Particles Reinforced Mg-3Zn Squeeze Casted Composites. Inter Metalcast 18, 1348–1360 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-023-01114-6

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