Abstract
SiMoCr CGI (compacted graphite iron) has the potential to be a cost-effective replacement for some hot working tool steel parts like shot sleeve in HPDC (High-Pressure Die Casting) applications. Thermal fatigue testing of SiMoCr CGI cast alloy was performed on Gleeble 1500D machine. Cracks were evaluated on non-nitrided and nitrided samples at test temperatures of 400 and 600 °C, after 1000, 2000 and 4000 thermal cycles. Samples were heated to prescribed test temperature and afterward cooled in computer-guided cycles. After the test, all the samples were axially and radially sectioned and cracks on cross sections were evaluated. Length of all cracks which occurred was measured and statistically evaluated, i.e., the average length of cracks and distribution of crack lengths were determined. At nitrided samples, higher values for average crack lengths were obtained while density of cracks was lower in comparison with non-nitrided samples.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Long, D. Thornhill, C. Armstrong, D. Watson, Stress correlation between instrumentation and simulation analysis of the die for high pressure die casting. Int. J. Metalcast 7, 27–41 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03355551
D. Mellouli, N. Haddar, A. Köster, H.F. Ayedi, Hardness effect on thermal fatigue damage of hot-working tool steel. Eng. Fail. Anal. 45, 85–95 (2014)
B. Liu, B. Wang, X. Yang, X. Zhao, M. Qin, J. Gu, Thermal fatigue evaluation of AISI H13 steels surface modified by gas nitriding with pre- and post-shot peening. Appl. Surf. Sci. 483, 45–51 (2019)
Y. Lu, K. Ripplinger, X. Huang, Y. Mao, D. Detwiler, A.A. Luo, A new fatigue life model for thermally-induced cracking in H13 steel dies for die casting. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 271, 444–454 (2019)
A. Persson, S. Hogmark, J. Bergström, Thermal fatigue cracking of surface engineered hot work tool steels. Surf. Coat. Technol. 191, 216–227 (2005)
A. Persson, S. Hogmark, J. Bergström, Simulation and evaluation of thermal fatigue cracking of hot work tool steels. Int. J. Fatigue 26, 1095–1107 (2004)
M. Salem, S. Le Roux, G. Dour, P. Lamesle, K. Choquet, F. Rézaï-Aria, Effect of aluminizing and oxidation on the thermal fatigue damage of hot work tool steels for high pressure die casting applications. Int. J. Fatigue 119, 126–138 (2019)
J. Sjöström, J. Bergström, Thermal fatigue testing of chromium martensitic hot-work tool steel after different austenitizing treatments. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 153–154, 1089–1096 (2004)
Y.J. Kim, H. Jang, Y.J. Oh, High-temperature low-cycle fatigue property of heat-resistant ductile-cast irons. Metall. Mater. Trans. A 40, 2087–2097 (2009)
Y. Qiu, J.C. Pang, S.X. Li, M.X. Zhang, Z.F. Zhang, Influence of temperature on the low-cycle fatigue properties of compacted graphite iron. Int. J. Fatigue 117, 450–460 (2018)
X. Wang, W. Zhang, Oxidation and thermal cracking behavior of compacted graphite iron under high temperature and thermal shock. Oxid. Met. 87, 179–188 (2017)
Y. Yang, Z. Cao, Z. Lian, H. Yu, Thermal fatigue behavior and cracking characteristics of high Si-Mo nodular cast iron for exhaust manifolds. J. Iron. Steel Res. Int. 20, 52–57 (2013)
S. Pan, G. Yu, S. Li, X. He, R. Chen, Experimental and numerical study of crack damage under variable amplitude thermal fatigue for compacted graphite iron EN-GJV-450. Int. J. Fatigue 113, 184–192 (2018)
X. Tong, H. Zhou, L. Chen, Z. Zhang, L. Ren, Effects of C content on the thermal fatigue resistance of cast iron with biomimetic non-smooth surface. Int. J. Fatigue 30, 1125–1133 (2008)
M.X. Zhang, J.C. Pang, Y. Qiu, S.X. Li, M. Wang, Z.F. Zhang, Influence of microstructure on the thermo-mechanical fatigue behavior and life of vermicular graphite cast irons. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 771, 138617 (2020)
X. Wang, W. Zhang, B. Guo, Investigation on the thermal crack evolution and oxidation effect of compacted graphite iron under thermal shock. J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 24, 3419–3425 (2015)
J. Hosdez, N. Limodin, D. Najjar, J.-F. Witz, E. Charkaluk, P. Osmond, A. Forré, F. Szmytka, Fatigue crack growth in compacted and spheroidal graphite cast irons. Int. J. Fatigue 131, 105319 (2020)
B. Goo, C. Lim, Thermal fatigue of cast iron brake disk materials. J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 26, 1719–1724 (2012)
Y. Misaka, K. Kawasaki, J. Komotori, M. Shimizu, Fatigue strength of ferritic ductile cast iron hardened by super induction heating and quenching. Mater. Trans. 45, 2930–2935 (2004)
M. Pevec, G. Oder, I. Potrč, M. Šraml, Elevated temperature low cycle fatigue of grey cast iron used for automotive brake discs. Eng. Fail. Anal. 42, 221–230 (2014)
M. Hayashi, Features on thermal fatigue of ferrite matrix ductile cast iron, in Low Cycle Fatigue and Elasto-Plastic behaviour of Materials, 1st edn., ed. by K.-T. Rie, P.D. Portella (Elsevier Science, New York, 1998), pp. 161–166
D. Bombač, M. Gintalas, G. Kugler, M. Terčelj, Thermal fatigue behaviour of Fe-1.7C-11.3Cr-1.9Ni-1.2Mo roller steel in temperature range 500–700°C. Int. J. Fatigue 121, 98–111 (2019)
M. Terčelj, M. Fazarinc, G. Kugler, Testing of thermal fatigue resistance of tools and rolls for hot working. Mater. Geoenviron. 64, 161–168 (2017)
R. Helenius, O. Lohne, Heat transfer to the die wall during high pressure die casting of two aluminium alloys, part 1. Int. J. Metalcast. 9, 51–59 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03355615
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
This paper is an invited submission to IJMC selected from presentations at the 2nd Carl Loper 2019 Cast Iron Symposium held September 30 to October 1, 2019, in Bilbao, Spain.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mrvar, P., Kastelic, S., Terčelj, M. et al. Thermal Fatigue Testing of SiMoCr Compacted Graphite Cast Iron for HPDC Tooling Application. Inter Metalcast 14, 846–852 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-020-00459-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-020-00459-6