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Variation of failure properties, creep response and ultrasonic velocities of sandstone upon injecting CO2-enriched brine

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Abstract

During the past decades, greenhouse gas mitigation techniques such as Carbon dioxide Capturing, Utilization, and Sequestration gained more attention due to the environmental concerns associated with the adverse impacts of global warming. Besides the feasibility of capturing and long-time storage of the CO2, it is of utmost importance to ensure longevity and safety of long-term CO2 storage. To evaluate the effects of CO2 injection into a deep saline reservoir, CO2-enriched brine was injected into the Triassic Peco sandstone in controlled-laboratory experiments. The injection was performed through a core-flooding experiment in which CO2-enriched brine was injected under a very slow rate, to capture the short/long-term chemical reactions between the rock minerals and CO2-enriched brine. The injection experiment was performed under different confining stresses and pore-pressures to mimic reservoir conditions at different depths. The creep, ultrasonic wave (i.e., P- and S-Wave) velocity measurements, and multi-stage failure tests were conducted on intact, and CO2-enriched brine injected Peco Sandstone specimens to capture potential changes in time-dependent deformation, strength properties, and P- and S-Wave velocities. The results indicated a significant increase in the creep response. At the same time, strength properties and ultrasonic wave velocities exhibited significant reductions, due to the dissolution of grain boundaries and cementing minerals, which was caused by the injection of CO2-enriched brine. Results of this study indicate that the potential increase in time-dependent deformation (i.e., creep rate) should be considered at the reservoir scale since the accelerated creep behavior can potentially lead to reservoir compaction, which consequently endangers wellbore stability and caprock integrity. In addition, the significant reduction in cohesion and friction angle can likely increase the slip tendency of the reservoir rock under certain injection scenarios, which consequently increases the possibility of fault reactivation.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the National Science Foundation for providing the funding for acquisition of X-ray Micro CT-scan used in this study. In addition, we thank Mr. Kamruzzaman Khan and Kevin Fischer in helping with brine preparation and ICP-OES analysis.

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  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Vermont, 33 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT, 05404, USA

    Maziar Foroutan & Ehsan Ghazanfari

  2. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 314 Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA

    Amin Amirlatifi

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Foroutan, M., Ghazanfari, E. & Amirlatifi, A. Variation of failure properties, creep response and ultrasonic velocities of sandstone upon injecting CO2-enriched brine. Geomech. Geophys. Geo-energ. Geo-resour. 7, 27 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40948-021-00223-y

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