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A morphology-independent methodology to assess erosion, accretion and lateral migration of an alluvial channel using geospatial tools: a study on the Raidak-I river of Himalayan Foothills

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Abstract

Channel migration is a significant geomorphological process in the floodplain region. Human intervention in the form of engineering constructions (bridges, embankment, etc.) regarded as another dominant issue which is pulverizing the ways of natural channel adjustment as well as channel behavior. In the study, the channel adjustment in terms of lateral migration is lucidly illustrated with the application of modern tools of geoinformatics, i.e., the techniques of RS and GIS. At present, RS and GIS are capable of detecting as well as representing the channel changes over space and time. The Raidak-I river is a meandering course stretching for about 81.9 km through alluvial plains of Cooch Behar and Alipurduar districts of West Bengal. To study erosion–accretion and lateral migration of Raidak-I river, sequential changes in the position of bank line have been studied with the help of USGS satellite data for the year 1972, 1978, 1990, 1996, 2002, 2009 and 2016. Using Arc GIS10.1 software and Arc GIS extension tools, bank centerline, the average length of migration of channel, shape area migration of the channel and different segments-wise erosion and accretion were assessed. The river bank line shifting due to bank erosion has been carried out considering various time spans, i.e., 1972–1978, 1978–1990, 1990–1996, 1996–2002, 2002–2009 and 2009–2016. The average migration of channel, shape area migration of channel and erosion–deposition decreased from 1972 to 2016 except during the period 1990–1996. Such changes in meander morphology of the Raidak-I river have made the channel more dynamic in the Himalayan foothill region.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, for providing all sorts of the facility during this work. I would also like to pay my sincere gratitude to United States Geological Survey (USGS), Rocky Mountain Research Station (US Forest Service), department of ecology, the state of Washington, for providing the necessary information regarding this article. The authors are also thankful to Mehedi Hasan Mandal and Dev Kumar Maity. This work has been done by self-funding.

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  1. Department of Geography, University of Gour Banga, Malda, India

    Md. Hasanuzzaman & Sujit Mandal

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  1. Md. Hasanuzzaman
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  2. Sujit Mandal
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Correspondence to Md. Hasanuzzaman.

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Hasanuzzaman, M., Mandal, S. A morphology-independent methodology to assess erosion, accretion and lateral migration of an alluvial channel using geospatial tools: a study on the Raidak-I river of Himalayan Foothills. Sustain. Water Resour. Manag. 6, 35 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-020-00393-9

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