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Modeling the spread of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae in simulated physical microenvironment

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Abstract

The plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae (FOP) causes severe losses to the Brazilian passiculture. As a soil inhabitant, the fungus spreads at the micro spatial scale (microspread) via mycelial growth and colony expansion. The pathogen expansion rate is affected by the spatial distribution of inoculum sources available, as well as by environmental factors. The objective of this study was to model the in vitro dynamics of FOP by simulating its microspread, under the effect of pH and osmotic potential, in controlled physical environments formed by agar sites spatially distributed in a triangular lattice. An additional experiment evaluated the effect of a heterogeneous environment on FOP microspread. This setting was represented by different fractions of sites with high and low nutritional content. A percolation theory was used to determine the limits of pathogen spread where critical distances are associated with a critical probability of site colonization. The logistic dose-response model was fitted to growth curves with the parameters estimated based on non-linear regression. We found that nutritional state of sites affected FOP microspread. In particular, a heterogeneous environment reduced their rate of microspread and consequently could reduce epidemic progress rate. This study contributes new biological knowledge and information to further improve disease management.

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Acknowledgements

To Anne Bates (University of Cambridge) for her valuable tips on agar dots. We are also indebted to Dr. Franco Maria Neri (European Food Safety Authority - EFSA) for his tips on agar dots and modeling, as well as for reviewing the final version of the manuscript.

Funding

GSL received scholarship grant from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brazil). FFL received research productivity grant from CNPq (307442/2013-6).

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Author notes

  1. Graziele Santos Lima

    Present address: Pós-Graduação em Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA, 44380-000, Brazil

    Graziele Santos Lima

  2. Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, BA, 44380-000, Brazil

    Leandro de Souza Rocha, Hermes Peixoto Santos-Filho & Francisco Ferraz Laranjeira

  3. Centro de Ciências Agrárias e da Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Crato, CE, 63133-610, Brazil

    Sami Jorge Michereff

Authors
  1. Graziele Santos Lima
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  2. Leandro de Souza Rocha
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  3. Hermes Peixoto Santos-Filho
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  4. Sami Jorge Michereff
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  5. Francisco Ferraz Laranjeira
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Contributions

Francisco Ferraz Laranjeira conceptualized the study, performed analyses, supervised experiments, revised, and edited the manuscript. Graziele Santos Lima prepared the material, performed analyses, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Leandro de Souza Rocha and Hermes Peixoto Santos Filho supervised experiments. Sami Jorge Michereff revised and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Francisco Ferraz Laranjeira.

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Lima, G.S., de Souza Rocha, L., Santos-Filho, H.P. et al. Modeling the spread of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae in simulated physical microenvironment. Trop. plant pathol. 46, 282–293 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-021-00425-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-021-00425-5

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