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Severity and genetic diversity of Citrus tristeza virus complexes infecting ‘Pêra Bianchi’ sweet orange in Paraná, Brazil

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Abstract

The aggressiveness and genetic diversity of the Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) infecting sweet orange ‘Pêra Bianchi’ (Citrus sinensis) trees were evaluated under the environmental conditions of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Disease severity was assessed based on stem pitting symptoms in the citrus trees, while genetic diversity was determined by sequencing the virus coat protein (CP) gene. Stem pitting symptoms were less severe in trees maintained under greenhouse conditions and field experimental plots in the municipalities of Paranavaí and Umuarama, where the temperature is higher. In contrast, the most severe stem pitting symptoms were observed in trees from experimental orchards established in colder areas (i.e. municipalities of Arapongas, Cascavel and Londrina), suggesting a temperature effect on symptom development. Analysis of CP sequences indicated intra- and interspecific diversity of the CTV complex for most of the trees included in this study. Recombination analyses of the CP gene also allowed to identify recombinants with parentals related to PIAC-5, a mild isolate, and 1BL-3, found in trees from a field plot in Londrina. The CTV complex infecting ‘Pêra Bianchi’ trees under field conditions showed a high degree of genetic diversity, implying the possibility of multiple infections or even a dynamic rearrangement of the genotypes into different CTV complexes under the environmental conditions of the state of Paraná.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR) for providing access to infrastructure and to the support offered; Fundação Araucária de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Paraná, CAPES and CNPq for financial support; Dr. Sérgio A. Carvalho (Centro de Citricultura ‘Sylvio Moreira’) for providing CTV isolates, and Dr. Douglas S. Domingues for assistance in sequence analyses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário (LANAGRO-GO), Ministério da Agricultura, Goiânia, GO, 74674-025, Brazil

    José S. Giampani

  2. Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR), Londrina, PR, 86047-902, Brazil

    Karina S. Santos, Rúbia de Oliveira Molina, Zuleide H. Tazima & Rui P. Leite Júnior

  3. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia Aplicada, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil

    Camila C. Silva

  4. Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Sanidade Vegetal, Instituto Biológico, São Paulo, SP, 04014-002, Brazil

    Leilane K. Rodrigues & Marcelo Eiras

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  1. José S. Giampani
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  2. Karina S. Santos
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  3. Camila C. Silva
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  4. Rúbia de Oliveira Molina
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  5. Leilane K. Rodrigues
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  7. Zuleide H. Tazima
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  8. Rui P. Leite Júnior
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Correspondence to Rúbia de Oliveira Molina.

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Giampani, J.S., Santos, K.S., Silva, C.C. et al. Severity and genetic diversity of Citrus tristeza virus complexes infecting ‘Pêra Bianchi’ sweet orange in Paraná, Brazil. Trop. plant pathol. 43, 59–68 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-017-0185-x

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