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Three-Dimensional Finite Element Stress Analysis of Different Implant-Supported Bridges in the Maxillary Incisal Regions

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Abstract

Purpose

Using a three-dimensional finite element method (3D-FEM), we compared the stress patterns and displacement on the implants, bone tissues, and prostheses in end-to-end implant-supported and cantilever implant bridges in the maxillary incisal region.

Methods

Using a 3D-FEM, a model was constructed of the implant by rotating and adding threads according to the ITI Dental Implant System aesthetic requirements. The implant, prosthesis, and maxillary bone were assembled to form three different implant-supported bridges at different implant sites. Next, a 100-N load was applied at 0°, 30°, and 60°, and the stress values, displacements, and stress distribution were compared.

Results

The stress distribution and displacement of the three models were similar in all three angles. In all three models, under axial loading, the stresses were majorly concentrated in the cortical bone around the implant neck and the apex; whereas the rest remaining stress was small and evenly distributed. Under oblique loading, the stresses were majorly concentrated in the cortical bone around the implant neck, and the stress value in the neck was greater than that in the apex. The cantilever implant bridge model produces I-type leverage action and its stress (implant 30°: 83.5 ± 6.9 Mpa or 133.8 ± 10.3 MPa vs. 65.1 ± 8.5Mpa; 60°: 115.1 ± 2.6 MPa or 141.0 ± 9.7 MPa vs. 98.1 ± 6.8 MPa. Cortical bone 30°: 48.6 ± 9.5 Mpa or 67.8 ± 5.9 MPa vs. 41.6 ± 9.8Mpa and 60°: 67.3 ± 6.3 MPa or 68.9 ± 10.2 MPa vs. 61.7 ± 6.4 MPa) and displacement (30°: 132.0 ± 13.2 μm or 169.0 ± 18.5 μm vs. 128 ± 7 μm and 60°: 168.0 ± 5.6 μm or 172.0 ± 19.2 μm vs. 167.0 ± 9.0 μm) are greater than those of the end-to-end implant-supported bridge model (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

End-to-end implant-supported bridges have more uniform stress distribution and less displacement than single-implant cantilever beam bridges. End-to-end implant-supported bridges are ideal for replacing four consecutive missing incisors in the maxillary incisor region.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This study was funded by Youth Project of Jincheng People’s Hospital (No.: JSY-2021Y010).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stomatology, Jincheng People’s Hospital (Jincheng Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College), No. 456 Wenchang East Street, Jincheng City, 048026, Shanxi Province, China

    Shuguang Zhang, Wei Wang & Nannan Zhang

  2. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Baotou City, 014030, Inner Mongolia, China

    Qingtang Cao & Gebing Liu

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  1. Shuguang Zhang
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Contributions

SGZ and NNZ conceptualized and designed the study. SGZ and WW collected, organized, and drafted the information. QTC and GBL analyzed the data. SGZ wrote the manuscript. NNZ performed manuscript revision. All the authors have read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nannan Zhang.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical Approval

This study was approved by the Jincheng People’s Hospital Ethics Committee. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Informed consent to participate was obtained from the participants before the study.

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Zhang, S., Wang, W., Cao, Q. et al. Three-Dimensional Finite Element Stress Analysis of Different Implant-Supported Bridges in the Maxillary Incisal Regions. J. Med. Biol. Eng. 43, 322–331 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40846-023-00795-y

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