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Sandwiched MXene/polyimide composite foams for multiscale microwave absorption

具有三明治结构的MXene/聚酰亚胺复合泡沫用于多 尺度微波吸收

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Abstract

Constructing three-dimensional (3D) porous structures is an effective method to improve microwave absorbing performance due to the multiple reflections. However, in traditional 3D porous structures, multiple reflections only occur within the pores. Promoting multiple reflections beyond the pores should further improve the absorbing performance. Herein, a 3D porous composite foam with sandwiched cell walls was developed to boost multiple reflections in both the submillimeter-scale pores and the submicron-scale cell walls, achieving multiscale microwave absorption. Polydopamine (PDA)-modified polyimide foam (PIF) was used as the 3D porous skeleton. The cell walls of the PDA@PIF were sandwiched by Ti3C2Tx MXene. The resulting Ti3C2Tx@PDA@PIF can absorb over 90% of the incident microwave over the whole X band, which is contributed by multiscale multiple reflections, conduction loss, and interfacial polarization. Meanwhile, the composite foam exhibits excellent flexibility and a low density of ∼30 mg cm−3. This work offers a realistic approach for lightweight, flexible, and broadband microwave absorbers, enriching the structures for effective electromagnetic protection.

摘要

三维多孔结构可促进电磁波在材料内部的多重反射, 是提升微 波吸收性能的有效方法. 然而, 传统的三维多孔结构中, 多重反射仅发 生在孔内. 扩大多重反射的范围应能进一步提升材料的吸收性能. 因此, 本文开发了一种孔壁为三明治结构的三维多孔复合泡沫, 在亚毫米尺 度孔和亚微米尺度孔壁中同时发生多重反射, 实现多尺度微波吸收. 本 研究采用聚多巴胺修饰的聚酰亚胺泡沫(PDA@PIF)作为三维多孔骨架, 在其孔壁表面负载Ti3C2Tx. 所得的Ti3C2Tx@PDA@PIF能够在整个X波 段吸收超过90%的入射波. 这得益于多尺度多重反射、电导损耗和界 面极化. 同时, 该复合泡沫具有优异的柔性和低密度(∼30 mg cm−3). 该 工作为实现轻质、柔性、宽频的吸波材料提供了一种可行的方法, 丰 富了电磁防护的有效结构.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52201242), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20200386), and the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (2021QNRC001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallic Materials of Jiangsu Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China

    Yajun Zhang  (张亚君), Rongxiang Hu  (胡荣祥), Peigen Zhang  (张培根), Long Pan  (潘龙) & ZhengMing Sun  (孙正明)

  2. Institute of Optoelectronics and Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China

    Meikang Han  (韩美康)

Authors
  1. Yajun Zhang  (张亚君)
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  2. Meikang Han  (韩美康)
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  3. Rongxiang Hu  (胡荣祥)
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  4. Peigen Zhang  (张培根)
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  5. Long Pan  (潘龙)
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  6. ZhengMing Sun  (孙正明)
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Contributions

Author contributions Zhang Y designed the work and engineered the samples; Zhang Y performed the experiments with support from Hu R; Zhang Y performed the data analysis; Zhang Y wrote the paper with support from Han M and Pan L; Zhang Y, Han M, and Zhang P contributed to the theoretical analysis; Pan L and Sun ZM supervised the project. All authors contributed to the general discussion.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Long Pan  (潘龙) or ZhengMing Sun  (孙正明).

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Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Supplementary information Supporting data are available in the online version of the paper.

Yajun Zhang received her Master’s degree from Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU) in 2015. Now she is a PhD student at Southeast University. Her research interest focuses on the design and fabrication of microwave absorbing materials.

Long Pan earned his PhD degree from Tsinghua University under the supervision of Prof. Xu-Ming Xie. He worked as a postdoc with Prof. Markus Niederberger at the Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials at ETH Zurich, Switzerland. He is now an associate professor at Southeast University. His current research interests are (1) clean and efficient liquid exfoliation of 2D materials; (2) self-assembly based on 2D nanosheets; (3) energy storage materials and devices; and (4) microwave absorbing materials.

ZhengMing Sun is a chief professor at Southeast University. He acted as Dean of the School of Materials Science and Engineering. His current research interests include the fundamental theory and application of metals, ceramics, intermetallic compounds, and composites in energy and environment.

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Zhang, Y., Han, M., Hu, R. et al. Sandwiched MXene/polyimide composite foams for multiscale microwave absorption. Sci. China Mater. 67, 272–278 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-023-2682-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-023-2682-3

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