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Robust joining of FGH98 superalloy to DD5 single crystal by modulating interdiffusion behavior with Ni/high-entropy alloy hybrid interlayer

基于Ni/高熵合金复合中间层调控FGH98高温合金与DD5单晶的界面互扩散行为以实现高性能连接

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Abstract

FGH98 superalloys and DD5 single crystals are highly desired to work together in high-temperature service environments. In this study, the FGH98-DD5 robust joining was enabled by diffusion bonding using a hybrid interlayer of Ni and high-entropy alloy (Ni/HEA). Elemental interdiffusion among the FGH98 superalloy, DD5 single crystal, and Ni/HEA hybrid interlayer triggered the formation of individual tiny Ni3Al phase (γ′)-reinforced face-centered cubic (FCC) matrix composite structures, resulting in the high-strength interfacial bonding. Temperature plays a key role in regulating the elemental interdiffusion. As the temperature required for diffusion bonding increased from 1075 to 1130°C, the elemental interdiffusion intensified to promote the void closure at interfaces and the thickening of composite diffusion zones (γ′-reinforced FCC matrix composites), which favors joint strengthening. Nevertheless, the too-high diffusion temperature (1160°C) led to the formation of coarse grains and additional carbides in the FGH98 superalloy and HEA layer, deteriorating the joint performance. Ultimately, the optimal diffusion bonding condition was identified as 1130°C for 1 h with a low pressure of 2 MPa under vacuum, in which the FGH98-DD5 joint underwent a ductile fracture with a shear strength of up to 650 MPa. This study provides scientific insight for modulating interdiffusion behavior, as well as theoretical and technical support for joining FGH98 superalloys reliably with DD5 single crystals.

摘要

FGH98高温合金和DD5单晶有望在高温环境中服役. 在本研究中, 我们采用Ni/高熵合金(Ni/HEA)复合中间层实现了FGH98与DD5的高性能扩散连接. FGH98高温合金、DD5单晶和Ni/HEA复合中间层间元素互扩散导致焊缝处形成细小Ni 3 Al相(γ′)增强FCC固溶体的复合组织, 实现了高强度界面结合. 温度是影响界面元素扩散的关键参量. 当焊接温度从1075°C提高至1130°C时, 界面处元素扩散剧烈, 促进了界面空隙闭合和复合扩散区增厚, 有利于接头性能提升. 然而, 过高的扩散温度(1160°C)导致FGH98高温合金和HEA层中形成粗晶组织及化合物相, 使接头性能恶化. FGH98-DD5连接体系最优工艺参数为: 焊接温度为1130°C、焊接压力为2 MPa、焊接时间为1 h. 接头最高抗剪强度为650 MPa, 剪切过程中接头表现为韧性断裂. 该研究可为界面元素扩散调控提供科学借鉴, 也为FGH98高温合金与DD5单晶的可靠连接提供了理论和技术支持.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52005410 and 52375146), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019TQ0263 and 2020M683560), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Pressure Systems and Safety, Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China

    Junmiao Shi  (石俊秒) & Fuqiang Tian  (田富强)

  2. AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute, Zhuzhou, 412002, China

    Hailong Guo  (郭海龙)

  3. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China

    Feng Jin  (金峰), Xianjun Sun  (孙现军) & Jinglong Li  (李京龙)

  4. Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, Mihogaoka 11-1, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0047, Japan

    Qian Wang  (王倩) & Ninshu Ma  (麻宁绪)

  5. School of Materials Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China

    Jin Yang  (杨瑾)

Authors
  1. Junmiao Shi  (石俊秒)
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  2. Hailong Guo  (郭海龙)
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  3. Feng Jin  (金峰)
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  4. Xianjun Sun  (孙现军)
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  5. Qian Wang  (王倩)
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  6. Fuqiang Tian  (田富强)
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  7. Jinglong Li  (李京龙)
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  8. Jin Yang  (杨瑾)
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  9. Ninshu Ma  (麻宁绪)
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Contributions

Author contributions Shi J designed the research, carried out the experiments, and wrote the manuscript; Guo H and Sun X participated in the experiments; Jin F and Wang Q analyzed the data and revised the paper with support from Tian F, Li J, Yang J, and Ma N.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Feng Jin  (金峰) or Qian Wang  (王倩).

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Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Junmiao Shi is an associate professor at the East China University of Science and Technology. He received his PhD degree from Harbin Institute of Technology. His research interests focus on dissimilar material joining and reliability evaluation, especially for superalloys and high-entropy alloys.

Feng Jin got his PhD degree from Northwestern Polytechnical University in 2021 and visited Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon as a post-doctor during 2021–2022. His research is specifically focused on solid-state welding process, especially friction welding and diffusion bonding.

Qian Wang obtained her PhD degree from Osaka University in 2021. Currently, she is an assistant professor at Osaka University. Her research interests include joining and additive manufacturing, mechanics of materials, and modeling and design for sustainable materials.

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Shi, J., Guo, H., Jin, F. et al. Robust joining of FGH98 superalloy to DD5 single crystal by modulating interdiffusion behavior with Ni/high-entropy alloy hybrid interlayer. Sci. China Mater. 66, 4875–4885 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-023-2644-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-023-2644-y

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