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A high-volumetric-capacity bismuth nanosheet/graphene electrode for potassium ion batteries

一种用于钾离子电池的高体积容量铋纳米片/石墨烯复合物电极

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Abstract

Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) with high-volumetric energy densities are promising for next-generation low-cost energy storage devices. Metallic bismuth (Bi) with a structure similar to graphite, is a promising anode material for PIBs due to its high theoretical volumetric capacity (3763 mA h cm−3) and relatively low working potential (−2.93 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode). However, it experiences severe capacity decay caused by a huge volume expansion of Bi when alloying with potassium. This study reports a flexible and free-standing Bi nanosheet (BiNS)/reduced graphene oxide composite membrane with designed porosity close to the expansion ratio of BiNS after charging. The controlled pore structure improves the electron and ion transport during cycling, and strengthens the structural stability of the electrode during potassiation and depotassiation, leading to excellent electrochemical performance for potassium-ion storage. In particular, it delivers a high reversible volumetric capacity of 451 mA h cm−3 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1, which is much higher than the previously reported commercial graphite material.

摘要

具有高体积能量密度的钾离子电池有望成为下一代的低成本能源存储设备. 金属铋具有较高的理论容量(3763 mA h cm−3)和相对较低的工作电位(−2.93 Vvs. SHE), 是一种很有前途的钾离子电池负极材料. 但铋在与钾的合金化过程中, 会产生大的体积膨胀, 导致电极容量严重衰减. 本文报道了一种柔性、自支撑的铋纳米片/石墨烯复合物电极膜, 该电极膜具有优化的孔隙率, 可满足电极循环过程中的体积膨胀. 此外, 该电极中优化的孔隙结构改善了循环过程中的电子和离子输运, 并提高了电极在钾化和去钾化过程中的结构稳定性, 使其具有良好的电化学储钾性能. 特别是, 在电流密度为0.5 A g−1的情况下, 该电极的体积容量可以达到 451 mA h cm−3, 明显优于之前报道的商用石墨材料.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51902176), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M631462), Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program (2017ZT07C341), Shenzhen Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen Municipality for the development of the “Low-Dimensional Materials and Devices” Discipline.

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Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally to this paper.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China

    Linchao Zeng  (曾林超), Minsu Liu  (刘闵苏), Guangmin Zhou  (周光敏) & Ling Qiu  (丘陵)

  2. College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China

    Linchao Zeng  (曾林超) & Peixin Zhang  (张培新)

  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China

    Peipei Li  (李培培)

Authors
  1. Linchao Zeng  (曾林超)
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  2. Minsu Liu  (刘闵苏)
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  3. Peipei Li  (李培培)
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  4. Guangmin Zhou  (周光敏)
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  6. Ling Qiu  (丘陵)
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Contributions

Qiu L and Zhang P conceived the project and designed the experiments. Zeng L and Liu M conducted the material synthesis and measurements. Zeng L wrote the paper. All authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Peixin Zhang  (张培新) or Ling Qiu  (丘陵).

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Linchao Zeng is a postdoctoral researcher at Tsinghua University. He received his PhD degree in 2016 from the University of Science and Technology of China. Then, he began to work as a battery engineer in Huawei technologyies Co. LTD. His research interests mainly include the synthesis and application of nanomaterials for lithium-ion battery and sodium-ion battery.

Ling Qiu received his PhD degree in materials science and engineering from Monash University in 2015, and then worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Monash University. He has been an assistant professor at Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University since 2017. His current research interests focus on the design and fabrication of 2D material-based macroscopic materials and the exploration of their applications.

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Zeng, L., Liu, M., Li, P. et al. A high-volumetric-capacity bismuth nanosheet/graphene electrode for potassium ion batteries. Sci. China Mater. 63, 1920–1928 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-020-1493-1

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