Abstract
Nickel(II) chloride materials were synthesized via a novel two-step variable-temperature method for the use as a cathode material in Li-B/NiCl2 cells with the LiCl-LiBr-LiF electrolyte. The influence of temperature on its structure, surface morphology, and electrochemical performance was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical measurements of single cells. XRD results showed that after pre-dehydration for 2 h at 270°C followed by sintering for 5 h at 600°C, the crystal water in nickel chloride hexahydrate could be removed effectively. The SEM results showed that particles recombined to form larger coarse particles and presented a layered structure. Discharge tests showed that the 600°C-treated materials demonstrated remarkable specific capacities of 210.42 and 242.84 mA h g−1 at constant currents of 0.5 and 2.0 A, respectively. Therefore, the Li-B/NiCl2 thermal battery showed excellent discharge performance. The present work demonstrates that NiCl2 is a promising cathode material for thermal batteries and this two-step variable-temperature method is a simple and useful method for the fabrication of NiCl2 materials.
摘要
本文采用两步变温法制备了无水氯化镍材料. 并以所制备的氯化镍为正极, 锂硼合金为负极, LiCl-LiBr-LiF 为电解质, 组成单体锂热电 池. 通过XRD、SEM和单体电池电化学测试分析了温度对氯化镍材料的结构、表面形貌以及电化学性能的影响. XRD结果表明270°C预处理 2 h, 600°C高温烧结5 h后, 氯化镍中的结晶水能够被完全去除; SEM结果表明氯化镍热处理后晶粒重组长大并呈现层状结构. 经600°C热处理 后的氯化镍材料在0.5 A和2.0 A恒流放电时的比容量分别可达210.42和242.84 mA h g−1, 表明以热处理后的氯化镍为正极的锂热电池具有良好 的放电性能. 本文研究结果表明氯化镍是一种非常有潜力的热电池正极材料, 而两步变温法是制备无水氯化镍材料的一种简单实用的方法.
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This work was supported by Shanghai Institute of Space Power-sources (SISP).
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Wenjun Liu was born in 1990. He is a postgraduate majored in electrochemistry from the School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, China. His current research interests include preparation and performance of cathode material for lithium thermal batteries.
Haiping Liu received her BSc degree in chemical engineering from Qilu University of Technology in 1998, and her MSc and PhD degrees in chemical engineering and technology in 2004 and 2008, respectively, from Harbin Institute of Technology. Then, she joined Harbin Institute of Technology (at Weihai) as a faculty and became an associate professor of applied chemistry in 2013. Her research interests include electrodeposition, surface finishing, electrode materials and cathode materials for lithium ion and lithium thermal batteries.
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Liu, W., Liu, H., Bi, S. et al. Variable-temperature preparation and performance of NiCl2 as a cathode material for thermal batteries. Sci. China Mater. 60, 251–257 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-016-9003-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-016-9003-x