Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Behavior and Kinetics of Copper During Oxygen Pressure Leaching of Complex Chalcopyrite Without Acid

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, a novel process leaching complex chalcopyrite without acid under oxygen pressure is proposed, and the leaching behavior and kinetic characteristics of copper in the complex chalcopyrite is studied. The results show that in the process of oxygen pressure leaching of complex chalcopyrite the oxidation dissolution of FeS2 occurs first, and then the sulfuric acid required by the reaction is generated, which destroys the embedded structure of various mineral phases in chalcopyrite and makes it dissolve into the leaching solution. The copper in the mineral reacts with sulfuric acid to form copper sulfate which enter into the leaching solution, and the iron in the mineral is mainly transformed to hematite and then remained in the leaching slag. Under the optimal leaching conditions (initial sulfuric acid concentration 0 g/L, reaction temperature 200 ℃, partial pressure of oxygen 1.2 MPa, mineral particle size − 48 + 38 µm), the leaching efficiency of copper reached 99.86% after 120 min reaction. The analysis of the kinetic process of oxygen pressure leaching of complex chalcolite based on the "shrinkage core model" showed that the leaching process of chalcopyrite is mainly controlled by chemical reaction. The apparent activation energy of the reaction is 50.646 kJ/mol. In the process of chemical reaction control, the parameters of partial pressure of oxygen and initial radius of mineral particles are 4.040 and − 0.773, respectively. The kinetic equation can be expressed as \(1 - \left( {1 - X} \right)^{\frac{1}{3}} = 1.123 \times 10^{4} \times {\text{P}}_{{{\text{O}}_{2} }}^{4.040} r_{0}^{ - 0.773} e^{{\frac{ - 6092}{T}}} t\).

Graphical Abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zhao HB, Wang J, Qin WQ et al (2015) Electrochemical dissolution process of chalcopyrite in the presence of mesophilic microorganisms. Miner Eng 71:159–169

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Yang BJ, Luo W, Wang XX et al (2020) The use of biochar for controlling acid mine drainage through the inhibition of chalcopyrite biodissolution. Sci Total Environ 737:139485

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Yang BJ, Lin M, Fang JH et al (2020) Combined effects of jarosite and visible light on chalcopyrite dissolution mediated by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. Sci Total Environ 698:134175

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhao HB, Wang J, Gan XW et al (2015) Cooperative bioleaching of chalcopyrite and silver bearing tailing by mixed moderately thermophilic culture: an emphasis on the chalcopyrite dissolution with XPS and electrochemical analysis. Miner Eng 81:29–39

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Wang J, Zhao HB, Qin WQ et al (2013) Investigation of interface reactions and electrochemical behaviors of chalcopyrite dissolution in different leaching mediums. Int J Electrochem Sci 12:12590–12599

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bai YL, Wang W, Xie F et al (2022) Effect of temperature, oxygen partial pressure and calcium lignosulphonate on chalcopyrite dissolution in sulfuric acid solution. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 32(5):1650–1663

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Olubambi PA, Potgieter JH (2009) Investigations on the mechanisms of sulfuric acid leaching of chalcopyrite in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Miner Process Extr Metall Rev 30(4):327–345

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen ML, Zhang L, Gu GH et al (2008) Effects of microorganisms on surface properties of chalcopyrite and bioleaching. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 6:1421–1426

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lane DJ, Cook NJ, Grano SR et al (2016) Selective leaching of penalty elements from copper concentrates: a review. Miner Eng 98:110–121

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Petrovic SJ, Bogdanovic GD, Antonijevic MM (2018) Leaching of chalcopyrite with hydrogen peroxide in hydrochloric acid solution. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 28(7):1444–1455

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Han B, Altansukh B, Haga K et al (2017) Leaching and kinetic study on pressure oxidation of chalcopyrite in H2SO4 solution and the effect of pyrite on chalcopyrite leaching. J Sustain Metall 3(3):528–542

    Google Scholar 

  12. Yevenes LV, Miki H, Nicol M (2010) The dissolution of chalcopyrite in chloride solutions: Part 2: effect of various parameters on the rate. Hydrometallurgy 103(1–4):80–85

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Panda S, Akcil A, Pradhan N et al (2015) Current scenario of chalcopyrite bioleaching: a review on the recent advances to Its heap-leach technology. Biores Technol 196:694–706

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Fowler TA, Crundwell FK (1998) Leaching of zinc sulfide by thiobacillus ferrooxidans: experiments with a controlled redox potential indicate no direct bacterial mechanism. Appl Environ Microbiol 64(10):3570–3575

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Moyo T, Petersen J (2016) Study of the dissolution of chalcopyrite in solutions of different ammonium salts. J South Afr Inst Min Metall 116(6):509–516

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Zhong S, Li YB (2019) An improved understanding of chalcopyrite leaching kinetics and mechanisms in the presence of NaCl. J Market Res 8(4):3487–3494

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Baba AA, Ghosh MK, Pradhan SR et al (2014) Characterization and kinetic study on ammonia leaching of complex copper ore. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 24(5):1587–1595

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Okamoto H, Hiroyoshi N, Tsunekawa M (2009) Improved chalcopyrite leaching through optimization of redox potential. Can Metall Q 47(3):253–258

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ibanez T, Velasquez L (2013) The dissolution of chalcopyrite in chloride media. Rev Metal 49(2):131–144

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Turan MD, Sari ZA, Nizamoglu H (2020) Pressure leaching of chalcopyrite with oxalic acid and hydrogen peroxide. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 118:112–120

    Google Scholar 

  21. McDonald RG, Muir DM (2007) Pressure oxidation leaching of chalcopyrite. Part I. Comparison of high and low temperature reaction kinetics and products. Hydrometallurgy 86(3–4):191–205

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Olvera OG, Rebolledo M, Asselin E (2016) Atmospheric ferric sulfate leaching of chalcopyrite: thermodynamics, kinetics and electrochemistry. Hydrometallurgy 165(1):148–158

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Ruiz-Sanchez A, Lapidus GT (2022) Decomposition of organic additives in the oxidative chalcopyrite leaching with hydrogen peroxide. Miner Eng 187:107783

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Bai YL, Wang W, Xie F et al (2022) Effect of temperature, oxygen partial pressure and calcium lignosulphonate on chalcopyrite dissolution in sulfuric acid solution. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 32:1650–1663

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhang X, Zhang S (2022) Enhanced copper extraction in the chalcopyrite bioleaching system assisted by microbial fuel cells and catalyzed by silver-bearing ores. J Environ Chem Eng 10:108827

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Hu JX, Zi FT, Tian GC (2021) Extraction of copper from chalcopyrite with potassium dichromate in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid aqueous solution. Miner Eng 172:107179

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bai YL, Wang W, Zhao SR et al (2022) Effect of mechanical activation on leaching behavior and mechanism of chalcopyrite. Miner Process Extr Metall Rev 43(4):440–452

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Nie ZY, Zhang WW, Liu HC et al (2019) Bioleaching of chalcopyrite with different crystal phases by Acidianus manzaensis. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 29(3):617–624

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Wu SF, Yang CR, Qin WQ et al (2015) Sulfur composition on surface of chalcopyrite during its bioleaching at 50 °C. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 25(12):4110–4118

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Elsherief AE (2022) The influence of cathodic reduction, Fe2+ and Cu2+ ions on the electrochemical dissolution of chalcopyrite in acidic solution. Miner Eng 15(4):215–223

    Google Scholar 

  31. Veglio F, Trifoni M, Pagnanelli F (2001) Shrinking core model with variable activation energy: a kinetic model of manganiferous ore leaching with sulphuric acid and lactose. Hydrometallurgy 60(2):167–179

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Hiroyoshi N, Miki H, Hirajima T et al (2000) A model for ferrous-promoted chalcopyrite leaching. Hydrometallurgy 57(1):31–38

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Mahajan V, Misra M, Zhong K et al (2008) Enhanced leaching of copper from chalcopyrite in hydrogen peroxide–glycol system. Miner Eng 20(7):670–674

    Google Scholar 

  34. Dickinson CF, Healb GR (1999) Solid–liquid diffusion controlled rate equations. Thermochim Acta 340(99):89–103

    Google Scholar 

  35. Shi GC, Liao YL, Su BW et al (2020) Kinetics of copper extraction from copper smelting slag by pressure oxidative leaching with sulfuric acid. Sep Purif Technol 241:116699

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Wang HH, Li GQ, Zhao D et al (2017) Dephosphorization of high phosphorus oolitic hematite by acid leaching and the leaching kinetics. Hydrometallurgy 171:61–68

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Li L, Bian Y, Zhang X et al (2018) Process for recycling mixed-cathode materials from spent lithium-ion batteries and kinetics of leaching. Waste Manage 71:362–371

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Mu WN, Lu XY, Cui FH et al (2018) Transformation and leaching kinetics of silicon from low-grade nickel laterite ore by pre-roasting and alkaline leaching process. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 28(1):169–176

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Li X, Han PW, Wang YL et al (2019) Silver dissolution in a novel leaching system: reaction kinetics study. Int J Miner Metall Mater 26(02):28–37

    Google Scholar 

  40. Zhou HM, Zheng SL, Zhang Y et al (2006) A kinetic study of the leaching of a low-grade niobium-tantalum ore by concentrated KOH solution. Hydrometallurgy 80(3):170–178

    Google Scholar 

  41. Aydogan S, Aras A, Canbazoglu M (2005) Dissolution kinetics of sphalerite in acidic ferric chloride leaching. Chem Eng J 114(1–3):67–72

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Li M, Zhang XW, Liu ZG et al (2013) Kinetics of leaching fluoride from mixed rare earth concentrate with hydrochloric acid and aluminum chloride. Hydrometallurgy 140:71–76

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. He GX, Zhao ZW, Wang XB et al (2014) Leaching kinetics of scheelite in hydrochloric acid solution containing hydrogen peroxide as complexing agent. Hydrometallurgy 144:140–147

    Google Scholar 

  44. Dimitrios F, Rao K, George PD (1997) A kinetic study on the acid pressure leaching of pyrrhotite. Hydrometallurgy 47(1):1–18

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors express their sincere appreciation to the National Natural Science Foundation of China for financial support (Project No. 21978122 and 21566017).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No.253 Xuefu Road, Kunming, 650093, China

    Guangxiong Ji, Yalong Liao, Jiajun Xi, Qingfeng Liu, Yue Wu, Haifei Ma & Jialei Li

Authors
  1. Guangxiong Ji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yalong Liao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jiajun Xi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Qingfeng Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yue Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Haifei Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jialei Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors have read and approved the content and agree to submit for consideration for publication in the journal.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yalong Liao.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

The contributing editor for this article was Zhongwei Zhao.

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ji, G., Liao, Y., Xi, J. et al. Behavior and Kinetics of Copper During Oxygen Pressure Leaching of Complex Chalcopyrite Without Acid. J. Sustain. Metall. 9, 350–362 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-023-00658-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-023-00658-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation