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A Review on Recycling and Reutilization of Blast Furnace Dust as a Secondary Resource

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Abstract

A large amount of dust is formed as one of the primary by-products during the blast furnace ironmaking process. Besides iron and carbon, it contains a variety of valuable metals such as zinc, lead, and indium widely applied in many industry fields. However, it is difficult to recycle and reutilize blast furnace dust (BFD) due to complex composition, fine particle size, and strong hydrophobic property. The extensive utilization of BFD wastes precious metal resources and decreases the additional value of recovery. Environment-oriented technologies have raised great attention in the recycling of precious metals. This article presents an overview of various technologies and the prospect of utilization on the recovery of BFD. The source, composition, and characteristics of BFD, as well as the recycling technologies within the blast furnace system are analyzed. Fundamental studies regarding pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy for recycling valuable metals from BFD such as direct reduction, leaching, and extraction, as well as its advantages and challenges, are also discussed. There is also great potential for BFD in other fields, including flocculants, cement raw materials, and adsorbents. The diverse chemical properties of BFD make it a contender for selective separation and adsorption in water pollution treatment. The development of pyrometallurgy technologies is mainly to realize its green and clean production. The innovative technologies in hydrometallurgy mainly aim to improve the leaching and extraction efficiency of high-valued metals. The combination of pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy technologies achieves the environment-friendly and sustainable recycling for precious metals with a higher recovery rate.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 51774061 & 52074055) and Chongqing Talent program (Project No. CQYC201905039).

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  1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P.R. China

    Xiong Xiao, Shengfu Zhang, Jingbo Chen, Yuntao Xin, Zhixiong You, Liangying Wen, Meilong Hu & Guibao Qiu

  2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy & Advanced Materials, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P.R. China

    Xiong Xiao, Shengfu Zhang, Jingbo Chen, Yuntao Xin, Zhixiong You, Liangying Wen, Meilong Hu & Guibao Qiu

  3. Faculty of Engineering, Environment and Computing, Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, School of Mechanical, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK

    Farooq Sher

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  1. Xiong Xiao
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  2. Shengfu Zhang
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  3. Farooq Sher
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  4. Jingbo Chen
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  5. Yuntao Xin
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  6. Zhixiong You
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  7. Liangying Wen
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  8. Meilong Hu
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  9. Guibao Qiu
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Correspondence to Shengfu Zhang or Farooq Sher.

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The contributing editor for this article was Zhi Sun.

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Xiao, X., Zhang, S., Sher, F. et al. A Review on Recycling and Reutilization of Blast Furnace Dust as a Secondary Resource. J. Sustain. Metall. 7, 340–357 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40831-021-00377-9

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