Abstract
In this paper, the acoustic emission (AE) responses of three typical engineering metals (namely, Q235 carbon steel, H62 brass and 304 stainless steel) during plastic and high-temperature creep deformations were experimentally investigated. To gain insight into the AE response mechanisms, the micro scale mechanical behaviors of these metals were studied with a micro-tensile tester with observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The following observations were found: (1) although the intensities and activities of the AE signals greatly differed under the same configurations, the AE peak values appeared at the transition from elasticity to plasticity for all three metals; (2) compared to the AE signal intensity during plastic deformation, the signal intensity during high-temperature creep was much weaker; (3) slip lines appeared within the crystal grains at the stress level corresponding to the peak AE signal intensity, but the densities of the slip lines and their crossover were not proportional to the AE signals of the metals. From these findings, the following conclusions were drawn about the application of AE: (1) AE is more scientific method to determine the yielding point of a metal without plastic flow than the nominal yield stress; (2) AE can be used to determine the deformation mechanism at high temperature, particularly, to distinguish creep from plastic deformation; (3) the AE response is the result of a sudden energy release by dislocation motion; however, the AE signal intensity is not necessarily proportional to the dislocation activity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Shashkov IV, Lebyodkin MA, Lebedkina TA (2012) Multiscale study of acoustic emission during smooth and jerky flow in an AlMg alloy [J]. Acta Mater 60(19):6842–6850
Vinogradov A, Lazarev A, Linderov M et al (2013) Kinetics of deformation processes in high-alloyed cast transformation-induced plasticity/twinning-induced plasticity steels determined by acoustic emission and scanning electron microscopy: influence of austenite stability on deformation mechanisms [J]. Acta Mater 61(7):2434–2449
Pawelek A, Piatkowski A, Wajda W et al (2016) Mechanisms of plastic instability and fracture of compressed and tensile tested Mg-Li alloys investigated using the acoustic emission method [J]. Frattura ed Integritá Strutturale 35:21
Kumar J, Ananthakrishna G (2011) Multiscale modeling approach to acoustic emission during plastic deformation [J]. Phys Rev Lett 106(10):106001
Ispánovity PD, Laurson L, Zaiser M et al (2014) Avalanches in 2D dislocation systems: plastic yielding is not depinning. [J]. Phys Rev Lett 112(23):235501
Csikor FF, Motz C, Weygand D et al (2007) Dislocation avalanches, strain bursts, and the problem of plastic forming at the micrometer scale [J]. Science 318(5848):251–254
Koslowski M, LeSar R, Thomson R (2004) Avalanches and scaling in plastic deformation [J]. Phys Rev Lett 93(12):125502
Weiss J, Richeton T, Louchet F et al (2007) Evidence for universal intermittent crystal plasticity from acoustic emission and high-resolution extensometry experiments [J]. Phys Rev B 76(22):224110
Cuadra J, Vanniamparambil PA, Servansky D et al (2015) Acoustic emission source modeling using a data-driven approach [J]. J Sound Vib 341:222–236
Kawai S, Yoshida Y, Asano H et al (2016) Acoustic emission response of magnesium alloy during cyclic and creep tests [J]. Mater Sci Eng A 668:120–124
Su F, Pan X, Huang P et al (2016) Influence of copper pumping on integrity and stress of through-silicon Vias [J]. IEEE Trans Compon Packag Manuf Technol 6(8):1221–1225
Hsiung LM, Schwartz AJ, Nieh TG (2004) In situ TEM observations of interface sliding and migration in a refined lamellar TiAl alloy [J]. Intermetallics 12(7):727–732
Peterson KA, Dutta I, Chen MW (2003) Diffusionally accommodated interfacial sliding in metal-silicon systems [J]. Acta Mater 51(10):2831–2846
Acknowledgements
The authors thank financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 11372027 and 11672340). This work was also supported in part by the Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions (Great Wall Scholar, No. CIT&TCD20150320). In addition, the authors declare that no conflict of interest exists in the submission of this manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Su, F., Li, T., Pan, X. et al. Acoustic Emission Responses of Three Typical Metals During Plastic and Creep Deformations. Exp Tech 42, 685–691 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40799-018-0274-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40799-018-0274-x