Abstract
The study investigates a shallow ice core (IND–25/B5) drilled near Humboldt Mountain in Dronning Maud Land (DML) region, during the 25th Indian Antarctic Expedition (2005-2006), to understand the variability in microparticle input to the region, and their characterization under the Scanning Electron Microscope-Electron Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Also, the volcanic chronology of the ice core was established using the presence of volcanic shards at various depths of the ice core. The results suggest that the dust input to the study area has drastically increased since 1980, indicating changes in the atmospheric circulation pattern, local environmental conditions, increased global aridity and/or expansion of the ice-free oasis in the DML region. Silica (Volcanic and Mineral dust), Carbon (Calcareous and Organic) and other microparticles are three major types of particles observed in the ice core. Volcanic ash microparticles are observed at various depths, which depict glassy structures with conchoidal fractures and high SiO2 concentrations (>50%). The major volcanic events traced include Krakatoa, Indonesia (2001); Mount Pinatubo, Phillipines (1991); Mount Agung, Indonesia (1963) and Cerro Azul, Chile (1916-1929).
Highlights
• The microparticles have been categorized into Silica, Carbon and other microparticles.
• The Silica, Carbon and other microparticles have an average concentration of ~7100, ~7400 and ~ 2400 per mL, respectively.
• Increase was observed in the contribution of continental dust to the region since 1980.
• The major volcanic eruptions identified are Krakatoa (2001); Lascar (1986); Mount Agung (1963); and Cerro Azul (1916-1929).
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Data Availability
Data generated and supporting files are part of the first authors Masters Dissertation thesis and is available on request.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Director, National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) for encouragement and the Ministry of Earth Sciences (Government of India) for the financial support. The first author is thankful to Dr. Thamban Meloth for his constant guidance, encouragement and support during the Master's Dissertation work. We are grateful to Prof. A. Rajakumar (Indian Institutes of Technology, Kharagpur) and Arun Chaturvedi (Geological Survey of India) and other team members for their efforts in ice coring. Dr. Rahul Mohan, B.L. Redkar, Ashish Paiguinkar and Shaina Gazi are thanked for their support in the laboratory analysis. Director, Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, is thanked for providing infrastructure and support. This carries the Wadia contribution no. WIHG/0282.
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The study was funded by the Ministry of Earth Sciences by providing funds to the 25th Indian Scientific Expedition to Antarctica (2005-2006).
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The authors confirm their contribution to the paper as follows: study conception and design: AV; data collection: AV; analysis and interpretation of results: AV, AK; manuscript preparation: AV, KS, AK. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.
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Verma, A., Sain, K. & Kumar, A. Environmental Changes in Antarctica Using a Shallow Ice Core from Dronning Maud Land (DML), East Antarctica. Environ. Process. 10, 22 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-023-00635-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40710-023-00635-w