Skip to main content

Effect of Zn Addition on Electrochemical Performance of Al–Air Battery

International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology volume 7, pages 505–509 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

We investigate the effect of Zn addition on an Al–air battery at the anode. The tested Al–air battery consists of a 6 mol% potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte, a fiberglass separator, and a Pt/C + IrO2 cathode. The Zn-added Al(Al60Zn40)–air battery shows a higher power density of 48 mW/cm2, while a pure Al–air battery exhibits a power density of 38 mW/cm2. Approximately, 30 charge/discharge cycles of the Al–air battery were performed, while ~ 71 cycles of the Al60Zn40–air battery were performed. Adding Zn to the Al–air battery improves its electrochemical performance and the number of charge/discharge cycles can be significantly increased.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

References

  1. Balaish, M., Kraytsberg, A., & Ein-Eli, Y. (2014). A critical review on lithium–air battery electrolytes. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics: PCCP,16, 2801–2822.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Li, Y., & Dai, H. (2014). Recent advances in zinc–air batteries. Chemical Society Reviews,43, 5257–5275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Lee, J., Yim, C., Lee, D. W., & Park, S. S. (2017). Manufacturing and characterization of physically modified aluminum anodes based air battery with electrolyte circulation. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing—Green Technology,4, 53–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Grande, L., Paillard, E., Hassoun, J., Park, J.-B., Lee, Y.-J., Sun, Y.-K., et al. (2015). The lithium/air battery: Still an emerging system or a practical reality? Advanced Materials,27, 784–800.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. McKerracher, R. D., Ponce de Leon, C., Wills, R. G. A., Shah, A. A., & Walsh, F. C. (2015). A review of the iron–air secondary battery for energy storage. Chempluschem,80, 323–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Pei, P., Wang, K., & Ma, Z. (2014). Technologies for extending zinc–air battery’s cyclelife: A review. Applied Energy,128, 315–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zhang, X., Wang, X.-G., Xie, Z., & Zhou, Z. (2016). Recent progress in rechargeable alkali metal–air batteries. Green Energy & Environment,1, 4–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lee, J. S., Kim, S. T., Cao, R., Choi, N. S., Liu, M., Lee, K. T., et al. (2011). Metal–air batteries with high energy density: Li–air versus Zn–air. Advanced Energy Materials,1, 34–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Lee, H., Jeong, J., Park, Y., & Cha, S. W. (2017). Energy management strategy of hybrid electric vehicle using battery state of charge trajectory information. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing—Green Technology,4, 79–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Petri, R., Giebel, T., Zhang, B., Schünemann, J. H., & Herrmann, C. (2015). Material cost model for innovative Li–ion battery cells in electric vehicle applications. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing—Green Technology,2, 263–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Lithium-Air Batteries: Technology trends and commercialization prospects. NEDO report. http://www.sneresearch.com/eng/service/report_show.php?mode=show&id=803.2013.

  12. Lee, D.-C., Lee, K.-J., & Kim, C.-W. (2019). Optimization of a lithium–ion battery for maximization of energy density with design of experiments and micro-genetic algorithm. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00106-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Bu, Y., Gwon, O., Nam, G., Jang, H., Kim, S., Zhong, Q., et al. (2017). A highly efficient and robust cation ordered perovskite oxide as a bifunctional catalyst for rechargeable zinc–air batteries. ACS Nano,11, 11594–11601.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kim, H., Ida, S., Ju, Y.-W., Matsuda, J., Kim, G., & Ishihara, T. (2017). Mixing effects of Cr2O3–PrBaMn2O5for increased redox cycling properties of Fe powder for a solid-oxide Fe–air rechargeable battery. Journal of Materials Chemistry A,5, 11594–11601.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Li, B., Wei, X., Chang, Z., Chen, X., Yuan, X.-Z., & Wang, H. (2014). Facile fabrication of LiMn2O4 microspheres from multi-shell MnO2 for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Materials Letters,135, 75–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Lee, S., Lee, Y. H., Zeng, J., Cha, S. W., & Chang, I. (2019). Au-coated lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite cathode for lowering sheet resistance of a solid oxide fuel cell. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,20, 451–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Lee, Y., Lee, S. I., & Yoon, J. (2015). Effect of the extrusion ratio on the mechanical properties of as-forged Mg–8Al–0.5Zn alloy. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing—Green Technology,2, 275–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Barthwal, S., & Lim, S.-H. (2019). Robust and chemically stable superhydrophobic aluminum-alloy surface with enhanced corrosion-resistance properties. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing—Green Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00031-6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Yip, W. S., & To, S. (2019). Sustainable ultra-precision machining of titanium alloy using intermittent cutting. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing—Green Technology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00078-5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Cai, X. L., Sun, D. Q., Li, H. M., Guo, H. L., Zhang, Y., & Che, Q. Y. (2018). Laser joining of Ti3Al-based alloy to Ni-based superalloy using a titanium interlayer. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,19, 1163–1169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Park, S. H., Nam, E., Gang, M. G., & Min, B. K. (2019). Post-machining deformation analysis for virtual machining of thin aluminium alloy parts. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,20, 687–691.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Raju, P. R. M., Rajesh, S., Satyanarayana, B., & Ramji, K. (2012). Evaluation of stress life of aluminum alloy using reliability based approach. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,13, 395–400.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Wu, Q., & Li, D. P. (2014). Analysis and X-ray measurements of cutting residual stresses in 7075 aluminum alloy in high speed machining. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,15, 1499–1506.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Zhan, W., Tian, F., Ou-Yang, G., & Gui, B. Y. (2018). Effects of nickel additive on micro-arc oxidation coating of AZ63B magnesium alloy. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing,19, 1081–1087.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Park, I. J., Choi, S. R., & Kim, J. G. (2017). Aluminum anode for aluminum–air battery—Part II: Influence of In addition on the electrochemical characteristics of Al–Zn alloy in alkaline solution. Journal of Power Sources,357, 47–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Chen, S.-L., & Chang, Y. A. (1993). A thermodynamic analysis of the Al–Zn system and phase diagram calculation. Calphad,17, 113–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Murray, J. L. (1983). The Al–Zn (aluminum–zinc) system. Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams,4, 55–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Ma, J., Wen, J., Gao, J., & Li, Q. (2014). Performance of Al–1Mg–1Zn–0.1Ga–0.1Sn as anode for Al–air battery. Electrochimica Acta,129, 69–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2018-Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program, and 2017R1C1B5018183). Also, This research was supported by the Mid-Career Researcher Program (NRF-2018R1A2A1A05077532) through the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea, funded by the Ministry of Science, Science, ICT and Future Planning.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea

    Hansol Lee & Guntae Kim

  2. School of Material Science and Engineering, Institute of Materials Technology, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Joyeong-dong, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsan gbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea

    Timothy Alexander Listyawan & Nokeun Park

  3. Department of Automotive Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksan-darero, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54538, Republic of Korea

    Ikwhang Chang

Authors
  1. Hansol Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Timothy Alexander Listyawan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nokeun Park
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Guntae Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ikwhang Chang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Nokeun Park, Guntae Kim or Ikwhang Chang.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lee, H., Listyawan, T.A., Park, N. et al. Effect of Zn Addition on Electrochemical Performance of Al–Air Battery. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 7, 505–509 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00136-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00136-y

Keywords

  • Al–air
  • Zn
  • Power density
  • Cycle
  • Electrochemical performance