Zusammenfassung
Das maligne Melanom (MM) bezeichnet die bösartige Neubildung der melaninproduzierenden Zellen. Die primäre Ursache hierfür ist die Exposition gegenüber UV-Licht. Das MM zeigt international eine steigende Inzidenz und auch Mortalität, jedoch hat sich die Prognose auf Grund neuer Therapie- und Früherkennungskonzepte verbessert. Die primäre Behandlung beinhaltet die chirurgische R0-Resektion. Ist das Melanom weiter fortgeschritten, so dass eine primäre Resektion nicht erfolgen kann, so können Radio-, Chemo- und Immuntherapien die Überlebensdauer verlängern. Die molekularbiologischen Erkenntnisse der vergangenen 20 Jahre haben die Betrachtungsweise des MM grundlegend verändert. Heute gilt das MM als eines der therapieresistentesten Malignome. Diese Übersicht beinhaltet die aktuellen Erkenntnisse zu Diagnostik, Behandlung und Prognose des MM.
Abstract
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a form of cancer that develops from the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes. The primary cause of MM is exposure to ultraviolet light (UV). Increasing rates of prevalence and mortality have been reported worldwide. However, new therapy and early detection concepts have substantially improved prognosis. Complete surgical resection (R0 resection) is the treatment of choice for such tumors. If primary R0 resection cannot be carried out due to advanced cancer, immunotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve survival rates. Advances and in-depth understanding of the molecular biology of MM over the past 20 years have contributed to a fundamental change in the consideration of MM, which is one of the most therapy-resistant malignancies. This article outlines the current knowledge on diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of MM.
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N. Schöffel, S.S. Scholz, M.H.K. Bendels, M. Bundschuh und D.A. Groneberg geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
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Schöffel, N., Scholz, S.S., Bendels, M.H.K. et al. Malignes Melanom. Zbl Arbeitsmed 66, 108–111 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40664-016-0088-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40664-016-0088-6