References
Wee HN, Liu JJ, Ching J, Kovalik JP, Lim SC (2021) The kynurenine pathway in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Am J Nephrol 52(10–11):771–787. https://doi.org/10.1159/000519811
Debnath S, Velagapudi C, Redus L et al (2017) Tryptophan metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease secondary to type 2 diabetes: relationship to inflammatory markers. Int J Tryptophan Res. https://doi.org/10.1177/1178646917694600
Kawashima Y, Sanaka T, Sugino N, Takahashi M, Mizoguchi H (1987) Suppressive effect of quinolinic acid and hippuric acid on bone marrow erythroid growth and lymphocyte blast formation in uremia. Adv Exp Med Biol 223:69–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5445-1_9
Pawlak D, Koda M, Pawlak S, Wolczynski S, Buczko W (2003) Contribution of quinolinic acid in the development of anemia in renal insufficiency. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 284(4):F693-700. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00327.2002
Eleftheriadis T, Pissas G, Antoniadi G, Liakopoulos V, Stefanidis I (2016) Kynurenine, by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor, decreases erythropoietin and increases hepcidin production in HepG2 cells: A new mechanism for anemia of inflammation. Exp Hematol 44(1):60–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exphem.2015.08.010
Acknowledgements
Mass spectrometry analyses were conducted at the Mass Spectrometry Core Facilities, University of Texas Health San Antonio, on instrumentation obtained with funding from the NIH (1S10OD016417-01). A.S. is supported by NIH/NCATS Grant TL1 TR002647.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Author Contributions
SD and CL conceived the project, performed statistical analysis, and interpreted the results. SD reviewed the literature and drafted the manuscript. All authors (SD, NT, AS, SK, SG, BSK, KS, CL), reviewed the Manuscript and accepted the final version.
Funding
None.
Data availability
The datasets collected and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Ethics approval
The study was undertaken in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (Institutional Review Board protocol # 20140210HU).
Informed consent
Written informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Debnath, S., Thomas, N., Saliba, A. et al. Tryptophan metabolites and anemia in patients with diabetic kidney disease. J Nephrol 36, 1083–1085 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-023-01620-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-023-01620-0